The parietal cells of the gastric mucosa secrete

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

We start by restating the question and listing the provided answer choices to ensure clarity of what’s being evaluated.
Question: The parietal cells of the gastric mucosa secrete
Options: intrinsic factor; pepsinogen; HCl; Both HCl and intrinsic factor

Now, analyze each option in turn:
Option 1: intrinsic factor
Reasoning: Intrinsic factor is indeed produced by parietal cells and is essential for vitamin B12 absorption in the ileum. However, intrinsic factor alone does not account for all secretions of parietal cells; acid secretion is a major function as well. Therefore, attributing intrinsic factor as the sole secretion is incomplete and therefore incorrect as a full statement about parietal cell secretions.
Option 2: pepsinogen
Reasoning: Pepsinogen is secreted by chief cells, not parietal cells. If this choice claimed pepsinogen comes from parietal cells, it would be factually inaccurate about the cellular source of pepsinogen. Thus this option is incorrect due to a misidentification of the cell type.
Option 3: HCl
Reasoning: Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is actively secreted by parietal cells via proton pumps and chloride transport. This is a core function of parietal cells and contributes to the highly acidic gastric environment. However, the statement excludes another key product of parietal cells, intrinsic factor, so as a standalone option it’s incomplete.
Option 4: Both HCl and intrinsic factor
Reasoning: Parietal cells perform two well-established secretory roles: producing gastric acid (HCl) and secreting intrinsic factor. This dual function aligns with anatomical and physiological understanding of the gastric mucosa’s parietal cells. Since this option encompasses both major secretions, it accurately reflects the complete set of parietal cell secretions described in physiology texts. Therefore, this option correctly represents the secretory output of parietal cells.

In summary, options 1 and 2 are incorrect due to incompleteness or misattribution, option 3 is incomplete because it omits intrinsic factor, and option 4 correctly captures the full suite of parietal cell secretions by including both HCl and intrinsic factor.

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