Which of the following is not true of the functionalist theory

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Functionalist theory views society as an organized system whose parts (institutions, roles, norms) work together to maintain stability, integration, and social order. In the context of socialization, functionalists emphasize how social institutions and agents transmit shared values and produce predictable outcomes that help society function.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Society-as-system: institutions (family, school, sports) perform functions that keep society stable.
- Socialization: process by which individuals learn norms/values to perform social roles.
- Functional focus: agents of socialization, the role expectations placed on people, and the outcomes (integration, conformity, social cohesion).

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Functionalists ask: Who socializes (agents)? What functions does socialization serve (outcomes)? How do role expectations link to social order? Thus they study the people who do the socializing (schools, family, coaches) and the results of socialization (norm internalization, role performance).
- They also consider characteristics of people being socialized because role allocations often depend on status, age, or gender — traits relevant to how individuals are prepared for societal roles.

3) Intermediate steps / examples
- Example: In sports, a functionalist would examine how participation teaches teamwork and discipline (outcomes) and how coaches and institutions transmit these values (agents). They might note that youth vs adult athletes are socialized differently because of age-related role expectations (characteristics).

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- Option c (“Focuses on how sports and sports participation divide people”) describes a conflict/critical perspective that emphasizes division, inequality, and power struggles — not the harmony-and-function orientation of functionalism. Thus c is not true of functionalist theory.

5) Why other options are incorrect as the “not true” choice
- a, b, d align with functionalist concerns: (a) characteristics influence role allocation; (b) agents who socialize are central; (d) outcomes/results of socialization are a primary focus. These are consistent with functionalist analysis.

6) Conclusion
- Therefore the statement that is not true of functionalist theory is c. This matches the provided correct answer: c.

Which of the following is not true of the functionalist theory单项选择题

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