What type of fuel booster pump requires a pressure relief valve?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Sliding vane pumps are positive-displacement machines that deliver a fixed volume per revolution, so they require a pressure relief valve.

Relevant knowledge points:
- Pump types: positive-displacement (deliver nearly constant volume per turn) versus dynamic (centrifugal) pumps (flow varies with head).
- Sliding vane pump operation: an eccentrically mounted rotor with vanes slides in and out to form sealed chambers that trap and move a fixed volume of fluid each rotation.
- Pressure relief valve (PRV) purpose: protects pump and system from excessive pressure when flow is restricted or blocked.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. A sliding vane pump traps discrete fluid volumes between vanes and transfers them from suction to discharge. Because each rotation displaces a nearly fixed fluid volume, flow does not reduce automatically if downstream resistance increases.
2. If the discharge is partially or fully blocked (valve closed, line restriction), the pump will continue to force the same volume into the discharge line, causing system pressure to rise rapidly.
3. Without a pressure relief valve, this overpressure can damage pump seals, housing, piping, or downstream components and cause overheating or failure.
4. The relief valve provides a controlled bypass or dump path when pressure exceeds a safe limit, preventing destructive overpressure.

Why other options are incorrect:
- Centrifugal: a dynamic pump where flow falls as discharge pressure rises. It does not inherently continue to force the same volume into a blocked line, so it typically does not require a PRV for overpressure protection in normal operation (though transient protections may still be used).
- Concentric: likely referring to concentric gear (external gear) pumps, which are also positive-displacement; while some gear pumps may include protective features, the question’s correct, specific answer is the sliding vane type because it is a common fuel booster pump design that explicitly requires a pressure relief valve.

Conclusion: Because sliding vane pumps are positive-displacement devices that will generate excessive pressure if discharge is blocked, they require a pressure relief valve. This confirms the correct answer: Sliding vane.

What type of fuel booster pump requires a pressure relief valve?单项选择题

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