A floating exchange rate is

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

A floating exchange rate is determined by market forces: the relative supply and demand for currencies in foreign exchange markets, so it rises or falls without a preset government-imposed parity.

Relevant knowledge points and concepts:
- Exchange rate regimes: floating (market-determined), fixed/pegged (government or central bank maintains a target rate), and managed floats (intervention at times).
- Market determinants: trade flows, capital flows, interest rate differentials, inflation expectations, and speculation change currency supply and demand and thus the exchange rate.
- Government intervention (foreign-exchange intervention, capital controls, official pegs) distinguishes fixed/managed regimes from pure floats.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Identify the core meaning of “floating”: no automatic government-maintained rate; price is set by buyers and sellers.
2. Consider a simple market example: if foreign investors want more of Country A’s currency (higher demand), that currency appreciates; if exporters sell more domestic currency to buy foreign currency, domestic currency supply rises and it may depreciate. These movements occur because private agents trade currencies, not because a central authority fixes the rate.
3. Contrast with a fixed regime: a central bank must buy/sell reserves or set policy to keep the rate at a target level, which is active intervention.

Why the correct answer is correct:
Option b states the rate “changes according to supply and demand, without government intervention,” which exactly matches the market-determined definition of a floating exchange rate.

Why the other options are incorrect:
- a describes an interest rate set by a central bank, not an exchange rate.
- c describes a fixed (pegged) exchange rate maintained by government intervention, the opposite of floating.
- d confuses exchange rates with economic growth measures (real growth adjusted for currency is not an exchange rate).

Conclusion: The correct choice is b. This explanation confirms that a floating exchange rate is a currency rate determined by supply and demand without government intervention (answer b).

A floating exchange rate is单项选择题

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