While flipping through a health magazine, Rob, 21, comes across an article that is advocating a particular form of exercise for prevention of arthritis. Rob does not think that he is at any risk for arthritis as he has been very healthy and he believes that arthritis occurs mostly in elderly adults. According to the Extended Parallel Process Model, which of the following outcomes is most likely to occur?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) for Rob's reaction to the health magazine article, we start by considering his perceived susceptibility and perceived severity, which together form the perceived threat. Rob believes arthritis affects mainly elderly adults and that he is not at risk, so his perceived susceptibility is low. This means the perceived threat is weak, and the fear-arousal aspect of the message is unlikely to be persuasive in a way that prompts protective action.

Option 1: Rob will ignore the article. This is consistent with EPPM when the perceived threat is low; people do not engage in danger- or fear-reduction responses because they do not feel threatened enough to motivate action. Since Rob does not see himself at risk, the article is unlikely to motivate serious contemplation or behavior change.

Option 2: Rob will exhibit a fear control response. Fear control responses typically arise when perceived threat is high but perceived efficacy is low; the person focuses on mitigating fear rather than addressing the danger (e.g., denial, avoidance). In Rob’s case, the threat is perceived as low, not high, so a fear-control reaction is less plausible.

Option 3: Rob will exhibit a damage control response. The term 'damage control' is not a standard category in EPPM. The model specifies two main outcomes: danger control (adaptive actions to reduce threat) and fear control (emotional coping to reduce fear). Since one of these labels does not align with EPPM, this option is inaccurate.

Option 4: Rob will exhibit both a fear control and damage control response. Because EPPM distinguishes between fear control and danger control as alternative, mutually exclusive pathways depending on threat and efficacy appraisals, a combined presentation of both responses is not typically supported. Given the low threat perception, neither fear control nor danger control is likely to be engaged in a way that suggests a simultaneous dual response.

In summary, the key reason Option 1 is correct is that Rob’s low perceived susceptibility yields a low perceived threat, making ignoring the article the most probable outcome under EPPM. The other options mischaracterize the model’s pathways (option 3) or rely on scenarios (high threat with low efficacy or combined responses) that do not align with Rob’s stated beliefs (options 2 and 4).

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