Question at position 9 The free surface of an epithelial tissue is called the _______________ surface.basementapical单项选择题
A
basement
B
apical

Question

Question at position 9 The free surface of an epithelial tissue is called the _______________ surface.basementapical

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The apical surface is the free, lumen-facing surface of an epithelial cell layer.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Epithelial cells are polarized and have three commonly referenced surfaces: apical (free), lateral (adjacent to neighboring cells), and basal (attached to underlying connective tissue via the basement membrane).
- The basement membrane (or basal lamina) is an extracellular matrix layer beneath the basal surface, not a free external surface.
- The apical surface often bears specializations (microvilli, cilia) that interact with the external environment or lumen.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- The phrase “free surface” means the surface that is exposed to a lumen or outside environment and is not anchored to underlying tissue.
- Among the two answer choices, “apical” and “basement,” identify which term denotes a free, exposed face versus an anchoring structure.
- “Apical” denotes the exposed, top-facing surface of epithelial cells. “Basement” (referring to the basement membrane) denotes the structural layer beneath the epithelium.

3. Intermediate steps (conceptual)
- Determine definition match: free/exposed → apical.
- Determine anatomical relationship: basement membrane → underlies epithelium and supports it → not free.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- The apical surface is defined in histology as the free (or luminal) surface; it faces cavities, ducts, or the external environment and frequently features adaptations for absorption, secretion, or movement (e.g., microvilli on intestinal epithelium, cilia in respiratory epithelium).

5. Why the other option is incorrect
- “Basement” (basement membrane) is not a surface exposed to the lumen; it is a supportive extracellular layer beneath the epithelial basal surface. It anchors the epithelium to connective tissue and is not described as the free surface.

6. Conclusion
- Therefore, the free surface of an epithelial tissue is the apical surface. This confirms the provided answer: apical.

Question at position 9 The free surface of an epithelial tissue is called the _______________ surface.basementapical单项选择题

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