A neutral object is

Question

A neutral object is

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Opposite electric charges attract and like charges repel, so a neutral object (equal positive and negative charges) can be polarized by a nearby charged object and experience a net attraction.

Relevant concepts:
- A neutral object has equal numbers of positive (protons) and negative (electrons) charges overall, so its net charge is zero.
- Coulomb’s law: force between two point charges is F = k q1 q2 / r^2; opposite-sign q1q2 gives attraction.
- Electrostatic induction (polarization): a nearby charged object redistributes charges in the neutral object so that opposite charges are drawn closer to the charged object and like charges are pushed farther away.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Start with a neutral object: net charge 0 but mobile charges (electrons) can shift within it (especially in conductors; polarization also occurs in insulators by slight shifting of bound charges).
2. Place a positively charged object close to the neutral object. Electrons in the neutral object are attracted toward the near side, leaving a slight excess of positive charge on the far side.
3. Because the induced negative charge is closer to the external positive charge than the induced positive charge, the attractive Coulomb force (between the external positive charge and the nearer induced negative charge) is stronger than the repulsive force from the farther induced positive charge. The net force is attractive.
4. If the external object is negatively charged, the reverse happens: induced positive charges appear nearer and produce a stronger attraction than the repulsion from farther electrons. Again the net force is attractive.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- Induction ensures that regardless of whether the external charge is positive or negative, the nearest induced charge in the neutral object is opposite in sign and closer, producing net attraction.

Why other options are incorrect:
- (a) says neutral is repelled by charged objects — false, because induction leads to attraction, not repulsion.
- (b) and (c) claim attraction only to one sign of charge — false; symmetry of induction means neutral objects are attracted to either sign.

Conclusion: The neutral object is attracted to either a negatively or a positively charged object, confirming answer d.

A neutral object is单项选择题

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