Which of the following factors is NOT necessarily a similarity between anorexia nervosa and ‘orthorexia’?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is primarily characterized by an intense fear of weight gain and disturbance in body image, leading to severe restriction of intake; orthorexia nervosa (orthorexia) is characterized by an obsessive focus on food quality, purity, and “healthiness,” often producing restrictive eating patterns. Both conditions can impair functioning and cause health problems, but the motivating concern differs.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Anorexia nervosa: core features include weight/shape preoccupation, caloric restriction, and often low body weight; diagnostic emphasis is on fear of gaining weight and body-image disturbance.
- Orthorexia: not an official DSM diagnosis but described in the literature as fixation on “healthy” eating, rigid rules about food purity, and anxiety when rules are violated; motivation centers on health, not necessarily weight.
- Shared consequences: social/emotional disruption, rigid/inflexible food rules, and potential physical harm from malnutrition or extreme restriction.

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Compare each option to the two conditions:
  a) Disruptions in social and emotional functioning: both can cause isolation, anxiety, depression — so this is a similarity.
  b) Inflexibility and restriction in food choices: both manifest rigid dietary rules and restriction — similarity confirmed.
  c) Possible severe physical health consequences: extreme restriction in either can produce malnutrition, organ dysfunction — similarity confirmed.
  d) Weight preoccupation: central to anorexia (weight/shape concerns). Orthorexia focuses on food quality/purity; many with orthorexia are more concerned with “health” than losing weight. Therefore not necessarily a similarity.

3) Calculations/intermediate steps
- Not applicable; reasoning is conceptual.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- Weight preoccupation is a defining feature of anorexia but not required (or typical) in orthorexia; hence it is not necessarily shared.

5) Why other options are incorrect
- Each of the other three (social/emotional disruption, inflexibility, potential severe health consequences) are documented similarities between the two conditions.

6) Conclusion
- The correct answer is "Weight preoccupation," which matches the provided answer.

Which of the following factors is NOT necessarily a similarity between anorexia nervosa and ‘orthorexia’?单项选择题

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