Question at position 11 Which of the following is associated with anorexia nervosa?severe constipationhigh blood pressurethickening of bones and hairbinge-and-purge eating pattern

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by severe caloric restriction and the physiological consequences of prolonged undernutrition, which commonly include slowed gastrointestinal motility leading to constipation.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Anorexia nervosa causes reduced food intake, low body weight, and metabolic adaptation (lowered basal metabolic rate).
- Gastrointestinal effects: decreased gastric emptying and intestinal peristalsis, leading to bloating, abdominal pain, and constipation.
- Other common signs: hypotension, bradycardia, amenorrhea, lanugo (fine hair), and bone demineralization (osteopenia/osteoporosis) from low estrogen and poor nutrition.
- Bulimia nervosa is characterized by binge-and-purge behaviors.

2. Step-by-step reasoning process
- Severe self-imposed dietary restriction reduces stool bulk and slows intestinal transit.
- Prolonged malnutrition reduces smooth muscle function and autonomic tone, further slowing peristalsis.
- Electrolyte imbalances and certain medications (or chronic laxative abuse followed by rebound) can worsen bowel dysfunction.
- These mechanisms produce constipation as a common and associated symptom in anorexia nervosa.

3. Calculations
- No numerical calculations are required for this clinical association.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- Severe constipation directly follows from decreased intake and slowed GI motility in anorexia nervosa; it is a well-documented and frequent complication.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- High blood pressure: incorrect — anorexia typically causes low blood pressure (hypotension) due to low blood volume and decreased cardiac output.
- Thickening of bones and hair: incorrect — bones undergo demineralization (osteopenia/osteoporosis), and hair often becomes fine (lanugo) or thinned, not thickened.
- Binge-and-purge eating pattern: more characteristic of bulimia nervosa; while there is a binge-purge subtype of anorexia, the classic association tested here is constipation from restriction.

6. Conclusion
Severe constipation is the correct and best-associated feature of anorexia nervosa; this matches the provided answer.

Question at position 11 Which of the following is associated with anorexia nervosa?severe constipationhigh blood pressurethickening of bones and hairbinge-and-purge eating pattern单项选择题

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