In Diffusion & Osmosis lab Why did the dye diffuse faster in hot water?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Let’s break down the question and the choices carefully to understand why diffusion occurs more rapidly in hot water.
Option 1: 'Dye is lighter in hot water so it moves faster.' This is a misconception. Temperature changes affect the kinetic energy of water molecules, not the intrinsic weight of the dye. The dye’s density or mass doesn’t suddenly become lighter just because the water is hot, so this cannot explain the faster diffusion.
Option 2: 'Water molecules have motion or kinetic energy when hot so they let the dye pass.' This is on the right track. At higher temperatures, water molecules move faster, increasing the frequency and energy of collisions with dye molecules, which helps dye molecules spread out more quickly through the water. The diffusion rate rises with increased molecular motion, making this explanation scientifically sound.
Option 3: 'Molecules in hot water are attached tightly so the dye can diffuse.' This is the opposite of reality. Hot water molecules are less associated and more energetic, not tightly attached; such tight attachment would hinder diffusion, not promote it. Therefore this statement is incorrect.
Option 4: 'Hot water molecules like to mix with the dye' This is a playful phrasing but implies a preference or intentional action by water molecules, which is a mischaracterization. Diffusion is a physical process driven by concentration gradients and molecular kinetic energy, not a matter of preference or intention, so this option misstates the mechanism.
In summary, the correct rationale centers on increased kinetic energy of the solvent (hot water) enhancing molecular collisions and rate of spread, whereas the other options misstate mass, bonding, or intentional mixing, and thus do not correctly explain the diffusion increase in hot water.

In Diffusion & Osmosis lab Why did the dye diffuse faster in hot water?单项选择题

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