A repeated-measures study using a sample of n = 20 participants would produce a t statistic with df = ____.

Question

A repeated-measures study using a sample of n = 20 participants would produce a t statistic with df = ____.​

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about the degrees of freedom (df) for a repeated-measures study with n = 20 participants.
In a repeated-measures (paired) t-test, each participant contributes a pair of related observations, and the analysis is performed on the within-subject differences.
For this setup, the df are calculated from the number of subjects minus one, i.e., df = n − 1.
With n = 20, df = 20 − 1 = 19.
It’s also worth noting that the provided answer list is empty in this case, so there are no explicit options to assess here. Generally, for a between-subjects (independent groups) t-test, df would be n1 + n2 − 2, but that formula does not apply to a repeated-measures design.

A repeated-measures study using a sample of n = 20 participants would produce a t statistic with df = ____.单项选择题

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A repeated-measures study using a sample of n = 20 participants would produce a t statistic with df = ____.​单项选择题