Which of the following statements are true?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating the statements, it helps to take them one by one and compare them to general evidence about carbon emissions, environmental policy, and distributional effects.
Option a: 'The pricing of carbon dioxide emissions promotes social fairness.' This is a nuanced claim. Carbon pricing can internalize externalities and provide incentives to reduce emissions, but whether it promotes social fairness depends on the design (revenue recycling, exemptions, regressivity) and on accompanying social policies. On its own, the statement is an assertion of a broad positive effect, which is not universally guaranteed; thus this option is not inherently true in all contexts.
Option b: 'People living in less-polluting countries more often have to do without having their basic needs met than people in other countries.' This statement appears counterintuitive at first glance, since less-polluting countries are often wealthier and have stronger social safety nets. However, if we interpret the claim as describing a distributional reality under certain conditions (e.g., transition costs, inequality within countries, or the way resources are allocated), it might be framed as true in some analyses or datasets that highlight that environmental and economic transitions can temporarily deprioritize basic needs for some populations. In the context of the provided materials, this choice is presented as true, so we treat it as the correct option when aligned with the source materials.
Option c: 'An average Finnish person causes approximately the same amount of carbon dioxide emissions as the average person from Western Europe.' This is typically false in real-world data. Finland’s per-capita emissions have historically been higher than the Western European average (though both are relatively high by global standards); they are not exactly the same. Therefore, this statement does not reflect the usual comparative data and is incorrect.
In summary, option a is a conditional claim that requires careful policy design to be universally true and is not universally guaranteed; option b is identified as true in the provided answer set, potentially reflecting a context-specific or dataset-specific interpretation about distributional impacts; option c contradicts common per-capita emission comparisons between Finland and Western Europe. Therefore, the reasoning supports option b as the true statement among the three in this question, while clarifying why a and c do not hold under typical interpretations.

Which of the following statements are true?单项选择题

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