Which group is most at risk for inadequate calcium intake?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Adolescents require about 1,300 mg of calcium daily to support rapid bone growth and peak bone mass accrual, so groups who both have high needs and exclude common calcium sources are at greatest risk. Key knowledge points: (1) Recommended intakes — children 1–3 years ~700 mg/day, 4–8 years ~1,000 mg/day, adolescents 9–18 years ~1,300 mg/day, adults 19–50 years ~1,000 mg/day. (2) Major calcium sources are dairy and fortified foods; many plant foods contain calcium but absorption is reduced by oxalates and phytates. (3) Vitamin D status and dietary patterns affect calcium absorption.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Compare physiologic need: teenagers (9–18) have the highest RDA (≈1,300 mg) among the listed groups, so their margin for inadequate intake is smaller if dietary calcium is limited.
2. Compare dietary practices: vegan teenagers exclude dairy, the primary dietary source of bioavailable calcium for many adolescents. Unless they regularly consume fortified plant milks, tofu set with calcium, leafy greens with good bioavailability, or supplements, their intake commonly falls short.
3. Consider absorption factors: many plant calcium sources (e.g., spinach, some legumes) have low bioavailability due to oxalates/phytates, increasing risk for vegans who rely on those foods.
4. Other contributors: vegan teenagers may also have lower vitamin D or inconsistent use of fortified foods, further reducing effective calcium status.

Why the correct answer is correct: Vegan teenagers combine the highest physiologic requirement with elimination of the most reliable dietary calcium sources, making them most at risk for inadequate intake.

Why other options are less likely:
- a. Young adults have lower RDA (≈1,000 mg) and often consume dairy or fortified foods. 
- b. Toddlers typically receive milk/formula and fortified foods targeted to their needs. 
- c. Meat-eating preteens generally still consume dairy and therefore obtain adequate calcium.

Conclusion: d. Vegan teenagers is the correct answer.

Which group is most at risk for inadequate calcium intake?单项选择题

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