Question at position 2 Split-Brain syndrome occurs after this structure is surgically severed:Vagus nervePrefrontal cortexCorpus callosumOptic nerve多项选择题
A
Vagus nerve
B
Prefrontal cortex
C
Corpus callosum
D
Optic nerve

Question

Question at position 2 Split-Brain syndrome occurs after this structure is surgically severed:Vagus nervePrefrontal cortexCorpus callosumOptic nerve

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Split-brain syndrome results from severing the corpus callosum because this fiber bundle is the principal connection allowing the left and right cerebral hemispheres to share information.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- The corpus callosum is the largest white-matter commissure connecting homologous cortical areas of the two cerebral hemispheres.
- Hemispheric lateralization: language and analytic processing are typically dominant in the left hemisphere; visuospatial and nonverbal functions are often stronger in the right hemisphere.
- Commissurotomy (surgical cutting of the corpus callosum) was historically used to treat intractable epilepsy and produces “split-brain” phenomena described by Sperry and Gazzaniga.

2. Step-by-step reasoning process
- If the corpus callosum is severed, the two hemispheres cannot exchange cortical information.
- Because each hemisphere receives sensory input from and controls the opposite body side, information presented to one hemisphere will not be available to the other.
- Classic experiments: an object shown in the left visual field projects to the right hemisphere. In split-brain patients the right hemisphere can recognize the object nonverbally (e.g., pick it up with the left hand) but cannot name it because the language-dominant left hemisphere did not receive the information.

3. Calculations/intermediate steps
- No numeric calculations are required; the logical sequence is: sever corpus callosum → loss of interhemispheric transfer → split-brain symptoms.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- The corpus callosum’s role as the main interhemispheric conduit explains why cutting it produces the characteristic dissociation of perception, action, and language (split-brain syndrome).

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- Vagus nerve: a cranial nerve affecting autonomic visceral functions; cutting it causes cardiac/ GI/voice problems, not split-brain.
- Prefrontal cortex: lesioning this causes executive, personality, and decision-making deficits, not the classic interhemispheric disconnection syndrome.
- Optic nerve: severing an optic nerve causes monocular blindness for that eye’s visual input but does not disconnect the cortical hemispheres from each other.

6. Conclusion
Therefore, the correct structure whose surgical severing produces split-brain syndrome is the corpus callosum, matching the provided answer.

Question at position 2 Split-Brain syndrome occurs after this structure is surgically severed:Vagus nervePrefrontal cortexCorpus callosumOptic nerve多项选择题

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