An aluminum plate has a circular hole. If the temperature of the plate increases, what happens to the size of the hole?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about what happens to the size of a circular hole in an aluminum plate when the temperature increases.

Option 1: Increases. This option reflects the concept of thermal expansion: as temperature rises, the material expands uniformly in all directions, so distances measured in the plate, including the hole's diameter, increase proportionally. In a uniform material with a circular hole, the hole size tends to expand with the surrounding material.

Option 2: Decreases. This would imply the material contracts with heat, which contradicts the basic principle of thermal expansion for most metals, including aluminum, where dimensions expand with rising temperature.

Option 3: Stays the same. While this might be tempting if one thinks the hole isolates itself from the surrounding expansion, in a solid plate the lattice expands and pushes the hole’s boundary outward, changing the hole size as well.

Option 4: Increases the top half of the hole. This statement introduces an asymmetry (top half) that does not align with uniform, isotropic expansion of a homogeneous material; there is no physical basis for the top half alone increasing differently from the rest of the hole.

Overall, the explanation hinges on the idea that thermal expansion is uniform across the material, causing proportional growth of all linear dimensions, including the hole diameter.

An aluminum plate has a circular hole. If the temperature of the plate increases, what happens to the size of the hole? Single choice

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