The [Fill in the blank]
is the least expensive but most risky approach in converting from the old system to the new system during the system implementation. In contrast, the [Fill in the blank]
method is the least risky but can be costly due to running two systems at the same time.

Question

The [Fill in the blank]
 is the least expensive but most risky approach in converting from the old system to the new system during the system implementation.  In contrast, the [Fill in the blank]
 method is the least risky but can be costly due to running two systems at the same time.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Direct conversion (also called a cutover) switches everyone from the old system to the new system at one predetermined time, making it the least expensive but most risky approach; running both systems simultaneously is the parallel conversion, which is least risky but costly.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- System implementation conversion strategies: direct (cutover), parallel, phased, and pilot.  
- Cost vs. risk trade-off: duplication of effort raises cost but lowers risk; single-time switch lowers cost but raises risk because there is no fallback.

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Direct conversion: organization stops using the old system and starts using the new system immediately. No need to staff or operate the old system once switched, so costs for running two systems concurrently are avoided. However, if the new system fails, there is immediate operational disruption because there is no running fallback—this makes it high risk.
- Parallel conversion: both old and new systems run at the same time for a transition period. Users perform tasks in both systems and outputs are compared. This redundancy requires extra labor, duplicate data entry, and extended resource use, increasing cost. But because the old system remains available, any problems with the new system can be caught or operations can revert to the old system, making it the lowest-risk option.

3) Calculations/intermediate steps
- No numerical calculations are required; the logic is comparative: Cost(direct) < Cost(parallel) because parallel duplicates operations. Risk(direct) > Risk(parallel) because direct has no immediate fallback.

4) Why the correct answers are correct
- The description “least expensive but most risky” precisely describes direct conversion (cutover). The phrase “least risky but can be costly due to running two systems” exactly matches parallel conversion.

5) Why other strategies are not correct
- Phased conversion is intermediate: portions of the system are replaced gradually—moderate cost and risk. Pilot (trial) substitutes a small group—lower risk but not the general-case least risky, and not the least expensive overall. These do not match both descriptions simultaneously.

6) Conclusion
- Therefore the first blank is “direct” and the second blank is “parallel,” matching the provided answers.

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