What is a potential benefit of adding dietary fiber to gestating sow rations?单项选择题
A
Decreased reproductive performance
B
Increased stereotypic behaviour
C
Decreased feed costs
D
Improved lactation feed intake
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类似问题
When rearing pigs, which stage of production consumes the greatest proportion of feed?
Diet formulation and feeding Principles of feeding programs To provide nutrients that meet the requirements for optimal productive performance To maximize economic benefits To minimize nutrient excretions by improving the efficiency of nutrient utilisation Basic principles of a sound feeding program would include life cycle feeding of pigs by stage of growth or physiological stages. Life cycle feeding Gilt preparation Gilts are often overlooked but are key to preparing the animal for the remainder of its productive life, and the potential productive life of its offspring. Aim: 140 – 150 kg L. Wt. @ 32 – 34 weeks of age, 18 – 20 mm backfat in carcass Allow at least 8 weeks of preparation before mating. Use a specific gilt developer diet [13.2 MJ DE/kg, 0.8% lysine, adequate fibre (4-7% CF, 18-22% NDF) Controlled feeding/orderly growth rate to achieve the target Gestating gilts and sows Pregnant sows should be fed according to condition but not to over-fatness. Excess body condition at the end of gestation is often associated with reduced feed intake during lactation and sometimes results in reduced litter size, greater incidence of dystocia, more pig overlay, and a greater incidence of postpartum dysgalactia syndrome. Poor body condition results in a greater incidence of shoulder sores in sows, lower birth weights, and thin sows at weaning with delayed return to post-weaning oestrus (or even anoestrus). Litter size at the subsequent farrowing can also be negatively affected if sows are in poor condition at breeding. Feeding levels of 2-2.5 kg of grain-based feed is suitable for most dry sows. The amino acid requirements of first-litter gilts are higher than those for sows. Both gilts and sows require higher levels of dietary amino acids during the latter stage of gestation than in the initial 90 days of gestation. Lactating sows Sow productivity is an important factor in herd profitability. Small differences can, therefore, have a profound influence on productivity. Sow productivity involves the integration of several factors including genetics, management, health, nutrition etc. Sow productivity = number of piglets produced / sow / year = litters /sow/year × litter size × survival rate. A sow needs approximately 85 MJ per day and 55 g available lysine to support a litter of 10 pigs. This can be achieved with 6 kg of a diet with 14.0 MJ DE and an available lysine DE of 0.55 g/MJ. Separate lactating (wet sow) and dry sow diets should be used where storage facilities permit. First-litter lactating sows may need a separate diet or supplement to allow for their lower appetite compared with older sows. Question 9 Life cycle feeding of swine can best be described as:
Factors that change nutrient requirements Whole life approach Need to maximise production potential at all life stages: Conception In utero Birthweight Weaner weight Grower phase Finisher phase These factors are influenced by: Genetics: Fast-growing breeds (e.g. Large White, Landrace, Duroc) require more protein in their diet than breeds that do not grow as fast (e.g. Berkshire, Hampshire); The lean gain genotype requires diets formulated to contain higher nutrient and energy density Health Sex Management (e.g. housing) Environment (facilities, stocking density, ventilation etc.) Market requirements (carcase size, fat content, meat colour etc.) Nutrition Question 8 The lysine requirement is much higher for a high lean gain genetic line of pig than for older lines of pigs.
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