Which of the following components are measured by psychologists interested in subjective well-being?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Subjective well-being comprises two main types of components: a cognitive judgment and affective evaluations. Specifically, it is assessed using life satisfaction (the cognitive component) and the balance of positive and negative feelings (the affective components).

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Subjective well-being (SWB): an individual's self-reported evaluation of their own life quality.
- Cognitive component: life satisfaction—global judgments about one’s life (measured by scales like the Satisfaction With Life Scale).
- Affective components: positive affect and negative affect—frequency/intensity of pleasant and unpleasant emotions (often measured by PANAS or similar affect measures).

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Psychologists distinguish cognitive evaluations from emotional experiences when studying SWB.
- To capture overall SWB, researchers gather a life-satisfaction rating and measures of how often people experience positive and negative emotions.
- Combining these gives a comprehensive picture: a person might report high life satisfaction while also experiencing frequent negative moods, or vice versa, so both pieces are needed.

3) Intermediate (conceptual) steps
- Identify cognitive measure: life satisfaction.
- Identify affective measures: positive feelings (e.g., joy, contentment) and negative feelings (e.g., sadness, anger).
- Conclude that an accurate SWB assessment includes all three: life satisfaction, positive feelings, and negative feelings.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- The listed triad (life satisfaction, positive feelings and negative feelings) directly corresponds to the standard psychological model of SWB (Diener and colleagues). This combination captures both evaluative and experiential aspects, making it the accepted set of components.

5) Why the other options are incorrect
- "Triad of trustworthiness, social support, and identity formation": these relate to social/personality functioning, not the core SWB measures.
- "Income, type of housing, neighborhood crime": these are objective external indicators (socioeconomic or environmental) rather than subjective self-reports of well-being.
- "Optimism, positive feelings and life satisfaction": optimism is a personality trait (disposition), not a core component of SWB itself.

6) Conclusion
The correct answer is life satisfaction, positive feelings and negative feelings, which matches the provided answer.

Which of the following components are measured by psychologists interested in subjective well-being?单项选择题

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