After its reforms in the late 1970s, China followed a policy of

a. Nationalization of all enterprises

b. export of technology

c. free economic zones

d. import substitution

Question

After its reforms in the late 1970s, China followed a policy of

a. Nationalization of all enterprises

b. export of technology

c. free economic zones

d. import substitution

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about China's policy direction after its late-1970s reforms, focusing on the choices provided.
Option a: Nationalization of all enterprises. This is not accurate. China did not pursue universal nationalization; rather, it introduced market-oriented reforms and allowed private and foreign investment in special zones, while maintaining state control in key sectors.
Option b: export of technology. While technology transfer and modernization occurred, the reforms were more about opening markets, decentralizing economic control, and experimenting with market mechanisms than a stated policy to export technology specifically.
Option c: free economic zones. This is correct in the historical sense: China created Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and other open areas in the late 1970s and 1980s to attract foreign investment, encourage export, and pilot market reforms in a controlled way.
Option d: import substitution. This approach emphasizes domestic production of imports, which China did not pursue as its core policy after the reforms; instead, it leaned toward integrating with global trade and attracting foreign investment, not substituting imports with domestic goods.
In summary, the late-1970s reforms pivoted toward opening up and creating zones that facilitated foreign investment and export-oriented growth, rather than nationalizing all enterprises or focusing on import substitution or technology export as standalone policies.

After its reforms in the late 1970s, China followed a policy of a. Nationalization of all enterprises b. export of technology c. free economic zones d. import substitution单项选择题

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