Question at position 19 Why is testing critical in system development?To prevent the use of agile methodsTo speed up hardware developmentTo replace user trainingTo reduce the cost of late-stage changesClear my selection

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Detecting defects early is far cheaper than fixing them later, so the main purpose of testing is to reduce the cost and disruption of late-stage changes.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC): requirements → design → implementation → testing → deployment → maintenance. The later a defect is found, the more system elements must be reworked.
- Cost-of-change curve: industry studies show cost to fix a defect rises dramatically over the lifecycle (requirements < design < coding < production).
- Verification vs. validation: verification checks the product is built right; validation checks the right product was built. Both reduce rework.
- Types of testing (unit, integration, system, acceptance, regression): each catches defects at different stages to prevent propagation.

2) Step-by-step reasoning process
- If testing is thorough and early (unit/integration), defects are caught near introduction.
- Fixing a defect early touches only a small scope (few modules); fixing late may require redesign, regression fixes, retesting, documentation, and user-impact mitigation.
- Therefore, testing reduces the probability and cost of expensive late-stage corrections.

3) Calculations with intermediate steps (illustrative)
- Assume cost to fix a defect discovered during requirements: $1,000.
- If discovered during coding, typical multiplier ~10× → $1,000 × 10 = $10,000.
- If discovered in production, multiplier ~100× → $1,000 × 100 = $100,000.
- By investing in early testing (unit/integration), you avoid the $90,000 extra if the defect would otherwise reach production.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- "To reduce the cost of late-stage changes" directly describes the economic and risk-reduction benefit of testing: early detection lowers total project cost and prevents expensive rework.

5) Why other options are incorrect
- "To prevent the use of agile methods": testing does not aim to prevent any methodology; Agile emphasizes frequent testing and continuous integration.
- "To speed up hardware development": testing supports quality and schedule predictability but is not primarily meant to accelerate hardware development specifically.
- "To replace user training": testing verifies functionality; it does not substitute for training users on how to use the system.

6) Conclusion
This explanation confirms the correct answer: To reduce the cost of late-stage changes.

Question at position 19 Why is testing critical in system development?To prevent the use of agile methodsTo speed up hardware developmentTo replace user trainingTo reduce the cost of late-stage changesClear my selection单项选择题

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