Question at position 9 According to Darwin, sexual selection involvescompetition and choicefamiliarity and economydesire and emotioncompromise and availabilitygene quality and reproduction ability

Question

Question at position 9 According to Darwin, sexual selection involvescompetition and choicefamiliarity and economydesire and emotioncompromise and availabilitygene quality and reproduction ability

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Darwin defined sexual selection as arising from competition and choice.

1. Relevant concepts
- Sexual selection is a form of natural selection concerned with traits that increase an individual’s mating success. Darwin distinguished two main mechanisms: intrasexual selection (competition among members of the same sex, typically males) and intersexual selection (mate choice, typically by females). These mechanisms explain traits like weapons (horns, antlers) and ornaments (peacock tails).

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Step 1: Identify Darwin’s two mechanisms. He explicitly named competition among rivals and choice by potential mates as the drivers of sexual selection.
- Step 2: Link examples to mechanisms. Male–male fights or displays that exclude rivals are competition (intrasexual). Female preference for showy tails or bright colors is choice (intersexual).
- Step 3: Show how these produce evolutionary change. Winners of competitions secure more matings; preferred mates leave more offspring, causing traits associated with success or preference to increase in frequency.

3. Intermediate reasoning (no numeric calculations needed)
- Example 1: Stags with larger antlers win fights and sire more offspring — an effect of competition.
- Example 2: Peacock tails evolve because peahens preferentially mate with males having elaborate tails — an effect of choice.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- “Competition and choice” directly maps to Darwin’s intrasexual and intersexual selection concepts and is how he originally framed sexual selection. It captures both the contest aspect and the mate-preference aspect that together drive the evolution of sex-specific traits.

5. Why other options are incorrect
- “Familiarity and economy”: unrelated to Darwin’s sexual selection framework. 
- “Desire and emotion”: anthropomorphic; sexual selection is about measurable reproductive outcomes, not subjective feelings. 
- “Compromise and availability”: implies negotiation or simple availability, not the selective processes Darwin described. 
- “Gene quality and reproduction ability”: while “good genes” can be a consequence or explanation for mate choice, this phrase does not summarize Darwin’s original definition; it is a partial mechanism, not the twofold structure of sexual selection.

6. Conclusion
The correct answer is “competition and choice,” which matches the provided answer.

Question at position 9 According to Darwin, sexual selection involvescompetition and choicefamiliarity and economydesire and emotioncompromise and availabilitygene quality and reproduction ability单项选择题

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