Question at position 64 In heart failure, to compensate for decreased CO, the RAAS system does which of the following? Select all that appy.Increases water retentionIncreases vasodilationIncreased blood pressureIncreases respirationsIncreases heart rate多项选择题
A
Increases water retention
B
Increases vasodilation
C
Increased blood pressure
D
Increases respirations
E
Increases heart rate

Question

Question at position 64 In heart failure, to compensate for decreased CO, the RAAS system does which of the following? Select all that appy.Increases water retentionIncreases vasodilationIncreased blood pressureIncreases respirationsIncreases heart rate多项选择题

A

Increases water retention

B

Increases vasodilation

C

Increased blood pressure

D

Increases respirations

E

Increases heart rate

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restated: In heart failure, to compensate for decreased CO, the RAAS system does which of the following? Select all that apply.
Answer options: Increases water retention; Increases vasodilation; Increased blood pressure; Increases respirations; Increases heart rate

Option 1: Increases water retention
This statement aligns with the action of aldosterone in the RAAS cascade. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules, which pulls water along with it, increasing total body water and helping to raise circulating volume and preload. In the context of reduced cardiac output, this mechanism helps maintain stroke volume and perfusion. Therefore, this option is correct.

Option 2: Increases vasodilation
RAAS activation actually causes vasoconstriction rather than vasodilation. Angiotensin II, a key effector, is a potent vasoconstrictor that increases systemic vascular resistance to raise blood pressure. Because vasodilation would lower afterload and BP, this option is not consistent with RAAS effects. Thus, this option is incorrect.

Option 3: Increased blood pressure
The combination of increased total body water (from mineralocorticoid effects) and angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction leads to higher arterial pressure. This compensatory goal helps improve organ perfusion when CO is low. Hence, this option is correct.

Option 4: Increases respirations
RAAS does not directly drive increases in respiratory rate. Respiratory rate changes in heart failure are more closely tied to ventilation-perfusion mismatch, chemoreceptor stimulation, and sympathetic activation, not a primary RAAS effect. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Option 5: Increases heart rate
RAAS activation does not primarily cause tachycardia. While sympathetic activation often accompanies heart failure and can influence heart rate, the RAAS pathway itself mainly modulates volume status and vascular tone. Consequently, this option is incorrect.

Summary of reasoning across options: The RAAS system in heart failure aims to preserve perfusion by increasing circulating volume through water retention and by raising arterial pressure via vasoconstriction. It does not cause vasodilation, increased respiratory rate, or a direct increase in heart rate as core RAAS effects. Therefore, the correct selections are those reflecting enhanced water retention and higher blood pressure, while the other options do not describe RAAS-driven compensatory actions.

Question at position 64 In heart failure, to compensate for decreased CO, the RAAS system does which of the following? Select all that appy.Increases water retentionIncreases vasodilationIncreased blood pressureIncreases respirationsIncreases heart rate多项选择题

类似问题

Which of the following best describes the role of angiotensin II in blood pressure regulation?

Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the long-term control of blood pressure?

Question at position 22 What is the primary stimulus for the release of renin in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?High potassium levels in the bloodSympathetic nervous system activityLow blood pressureHigh blood pressureLow sodium levels in the blood

Question at position 13 Which organ is primarily responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II?KidneysHeartLungsAdrenal glandsLiver

The function of angiotensin II is to ________.

Question at position 55 Which of the following is NOT a function of angiotensin II?Stimulating the adrenal cortex to release aldosteroneDirectly stimulating renin secretion from the kidneysStimulating the posterior pituitary to release ADHIncreasing vasoconstriction to raise blood pressure

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