Choose the single-best response.
选择最优的回答。

Racism as presented in this course only involves individual prejudice.
本课程中呈现的种族主义仅涉及个人偏见。

Question

Choose the single-best response.
选择最优的回答。

Racism as presented in this course only involves individual prejudice.
本课程中呈现的种族主义仅涉及个人偏见。

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Racism encompasses systemic and institutional forms in addition to individual prejudice, so the statement is false.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Individual racism: personal beliefs, biases, and acts of discrimination by individuals.
- Institutional racism: policies, practices, and norms within institutions (e.g., housing, education, criminal justice, employment) that produce racially disparate outcomes.
- Structural or systemic racism: the cumulative and compounding effects of history, culture, and institutions that maintain racial inequities even without overt individual prejudice.
- Cultural racism: stereotypes and narratives that normalize the dominance of one group’s values and marginalize others.

2) Complete reasoning process step by step
- Step 1: Recognize the statement limits racism to “individual prejudice” only.
- Step 2: Compare this to broader academic definitions that include institutional and structural levels.
- Step 3: Cite examples: redlining policies led to persistent wealth and housing segregation; school funding tied to property taxes produces educational disparities; policing practices and sentencing laws create differential criminal justice outcomes.
- Step 4: Conclude that because racism operates through systems and institutions as well as individual acts, the statement is incomplete and therefore false.

3) Intermediate logical steps (explicit)
- If racism were only individual prejudice, racial disparities would disappear whenever personal bias ceased.
- Historical institutional policies have created persistent disparities independent of current individuals’ beliefs.
- Therefore, limiting racism to individual prejudice is incorrect.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- The correct answer “False” aligns with sociological and historical evidence showing that racism functions at multiple levels beyond individual attitudes.

5) Why the alternative (True) is incorrect
- “True” wrongly ignores institutional and structural mechanisms that reproduce racial inequality and is therefore inconsistent with course material.

6) Conclusion
- The provided answer is False; this explanation confirms and supports that conclusion.

Choose the single-best response. 选择最优的回答。 Racism as presented in this course only involves individual prejudice. 本课程中呈现的种族主义仅涉及个人偏见。判断题

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