When current is applied:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To analyze the statement, we need to recall how current interacts with proteins in electrophoresis. 
Option 1: 'all proteins are positively charged so they move towards the negative electrode' This is incorrect because proteins do not all carry a positive charge under typical electrophoresis conditions; their net charge depends on pH and their amino acid composition, so they are not uniformly positively charged. 
Option 2: 'all proteins are negatively charged so they move towards the positive electrode' This is also incorrect for the same reason: proteins vary in net charge depending on their isoelectric point and the buffer pH, so they are not uniformly negative. 
Option 3: 'the proteins have variable charge so some migrate towards an electrode and some do not' This statement captures the general principle: proteins can carry positive, negative, or near-neutral net charges depending on the pH relative to their isoelectric point, leading to selective migration where some move toward an electrode while others may migrate less or not at all. 
Therefore, the third option correctly describes how current affects protein movement in electrophoresis, distinguishing it from asserting a uniform charge across all proteins or claiming universal movement in a single direction.

When current is applied:Single choice

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