Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes monitoring and controlling activities in predictive versus adaptive projects?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Predictive (plan-driven) approaches set a fixed baseline for scope, schedule, and cost, so monitoring compares actual performance to that baseline and controlling focuses on managing variances against that plan. Adaptive (change-driven) approaches use short iterations, frequent reviews, and evolving scope; monitoring is continuous through iteration reviews and demos, and controlling is achieved by re-prioritizing the backlog and adjusting scope and priorities as the product evolves.

Relevant knowledge points and concepts:
- Predictive lifecycle: detailed upfront planning, baselines (scope/schedule/budget), variance analysis, formal change control and re-baselining when changes are approved.
- Adaptive lifecycle: iterative/timeboxed work, inspect-and-adapt cycles (reviews, retrospectives), frequent customer feedback, scope emergent and prioritized via product backlog.
- Monitoring = observing actual performance; Controlling = taking corrective actions (e.g., change control, re-prioritization).

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. In predictive projects you establish a baseline then measure actuals (earned value, schedule variance) against that baseline. If variances occur, you use formal change control or re-baselining to bring the project back in line. That describes monitoring against a fixed baseline.
2. In adaptive projects work is done in iterations; progress is assessed each iteration through reviews and demos. Rather than enforcing a fixed scope, teams adjust priorities and scope continuously based on feedback. Control occurs via re-prioritization and scope adjustment, not by rigid re-baselining.
3. Therefore the correct distinction is that predictive monitors vs fixed baseline, adaptive monitors via iterative reviews and adjusts scope/priorities.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- It matches core PM lifecycle practices: fixed baselines and variance control in predictive, inspect-and-adapt and backlog reprioritization in adaptive.

Why other options are incorrect:
- Option 2: Claims adaptive avoids change control because scope is fully defined upfront — false; adaptive expects evolving scope and uses frequent change via backlog, not “fully defined upfront.”
- Option 3: Reverses realities: adaptive (not predictive) uses timeboxed iterations and frequent customer feedback; predictive emphasizes variance analysis.
- Option 4: Says monitoring occurs only at phase gates or only at release end — incorrect; predictive may use phase gates but also ongoing measurement, and adaptive monitors continuously (daily/iteration).

Conclusion: The correct answer is the first option: Predictive projects monitor against a fixed baseline, while adaptive projects monitor through iterative reviews that adjust scope and priorities. This matches the provided answer.

Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes monitoring and controlling activities in predictive versus adaptive projects?单项选择题

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