The oxidation number of various nitrogen compounds is: [table]
| NO | NO2 | HNO3 | NH3 | NH4OH A. | +2 | +4 | +5 | -3 | -3 B. | +2 | +4 | +5 | -3 | +5 C. | +2 | +4 | +5 | +3 | -3 D. | +2 | +4 | +7 | -3 | +3
[/table]

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

First, let's restate the problem to focus on what needs to be determined: the oxidation numbers of nitrogen in several compounds: NO, NO2, HNO3, NH3, and NH4OH, with four given options A–D.
Option A: NO: N is +2, NO2: N is +4, HNO3: N is +5, NH3: N is -3, NH4OH: N is -3. This aligns with standard oxidation state rules: oxygen almost always −2, hydrogen almost always +1 (except metal hydrides), and the sum of oxidation states in a neutral molecule is 0. Check each: NO has O as −2, so N must be +2 to total 0. NO2 has two O atoms (−4 total), so N must be +4. HNO3 has three O (−6) and one H (+1); to sum to 0, N must be +5. NH3 consists of N with three Hs; 3(+1) = +3, so to reach 0 total, N must be −3. NH4OH contains NH4+ (where N is −3) balanced by OH− (O −2, H +1); the overall molecule is neutral, so N remains −3. This option consistently follows the standard oxidation-number rules.
Option B: NO: +2 (okay), NO2: +4 (okay), HNO3: +5 (okay), NH3: −3 (okay), NH4OH: +5. The last value is inconsistent with the charge balance of NH4OH, since NH4OH is a neutral compound and the nitride nitrogen in NH4+ is indeed −3 in the ammonium ion context; assigning +5 would violate the typical assignment for nitrogen in the ammonium context. This makes the last entry incorrect.
Option C: NO: +2 (okay), NO2: +4 (okay), HNO3: +5 (okay), NH3: +3 (incorrect), NH4OH: −3 (incorrect if taken as a standalone nitrogen in NH4OH). Here, NH3 should be −3, not +3, and for NH4OH the nitrogen is tied to the ammonium ion context where it is −3, so this option misstates both NH3 and NH4OH values.
Option D: NO: +2 (okay), NO2: +4 (okay), HNO3: +7 (incorrect by a wide margin, as HNO3 requires N = +5 to balance O and H), NH3: +3 (incorrect; NH3 should be −3). Since two entries are wrong, this option fails the straightforward balancing test.
In summary, each option alters at least one nitrogen oxidation state in a way that contradicts the standard rules: oxygen at −2, hydrogen at +1, and the requirement that the sum of oxidation states equals the overall charge (0 for neutral molecules). The only set that consistently satisfies all the oxidation-state constraints for all five species is the one where NO is +2, NO2 is +4, HNO3 is +5, NH3 is −3, and NH4OH is −3.
All other options introduce at least one incorrect oxidation number that violates basic oxidation-number bookkeeping or the known chemistry of ammonium species.

The oxidation number of various nitrogen compounds is: [table] | NO | NO2 | HNO3 | NH3 | NH4OH A. | +2 | +4 | +5 | -3 | -3 B. | +2 | +4 | +5 | -3 | +5 C. | +2 | +4 | +5 | +3 | -3 D. | +2 | +4 | +7 | -3 | +3 [/table]单项选择题

类似问题

In iron(III) oxalate Fe2(C2O4)3 the oxidation numbers of iron, carbon and oxygen are, in that order:

In which of the following sets of species do the nitrogen atoms all have the same oxidation number?

What are the oxidation numbers of the chlorine and oxygen atoms in the perchlorate ion (ClO4–)? Oxygen: –2 Chlorine: +7

What are the oxidation numbers of the chlorine and oxygen atoms in the perchlorate ion (ClO4–)? Oxygen: [ Select ] 0 –1 –2 Chlorine: [ Select ] +5 0 +7 –1 +3

What are the oxidation numbers of the chlorine and oxygen atoms in the perchlorate ion (ClO4–)? Oxygen: [ Select ] –1 –2 0 Chlorine: [ Select ] –1 +5 0 +3 +7

When evaluating a new project, firms should include in the projected cash flows all of the following EXCEPT:

更多留学生实用工具

智能学习助手

风格化写作助手

论文查重助手

文献引用助手

课堂转译助手

课堂笔记助手

Quiz搜索助手

学校历年真题

智能刷题助手

智能匹配练习

希望你的学习变得更简单