You are optimising a complex function with many local minima and maxima. Which of the following are likely to help you find the global minimum value?多项选择题

A

Running multiple optimisations starting from random positions to overcome being trapped in local minima.

B

Bounding the magnitude of update to decision variable, for example | 𝑥 𝑖 + 1 − 𝑥 𝑖 | ≤ 𝛼 to ensure the optimiser does not overshoot the wanted value.

C

Use gradient descent with a very small update value to ensure the minimum is met.

D

Intentially increasing a cost function with some probability at each iteration whilst keeping track of the best state so as to move out of local minima.

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Section A: Read the text and answer the questions. Brutalism is an architectural style, introduced in the 1950s. It uses exposed concrete to create geometric structures with a grey appearance. Concrete buildings are often criticised as cold and ugly, lacking the warmth of stone or the smooth feel of steel. However, concrete, as a building material, has unique characteristics. It is extremely flexible when wet, and is adapted to create interesting shapes. Many urban public buildings, such as universities, have also used concrete as the main material to indicate strength and permanence. Instead of keeping Brutalist buildings, many are being demolished to make space for modern styles. However, this does not acknowledge the cultural history of these buildings, and is not sustainable. Fill in the gap with ONE WORD from the paragraph. 1. Brutalist architecture included exposed concrete, which gave a cold Answer Question 1[input] .

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