When the bladder wall is distended as a result of urine accumulation, the stretch receptors are stimulated and send afferent impulses to the spinal cord that

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When the bladder fills and distends, stretch receptors in the bladder wall are activated and send afferent impulses to the spinal cord to coordinate micturition.
Option 1: This choice states that afferent signals stimulate parasympathetic nerves, which travel back to the bladder and cause contraction, while also inhibiting the motor neurons that keep the external urethral sphincter closed. This aligns with the micturition reflex: parasympathetic activation leads to detrusor muscle contraction and relaxation of the internal and external sphincters, facilitating voiding. The inclusion of inhibiting the motor neurons that keep the external sphincter closed reflects this sphincter relaxation.
Option 2: While it correctly notes parasympathetic activation and bladder contraction, it omits the critical detail about sphincter relaxation. Without mentioning sphincter relaxation, the statement is incomplete for describing the full reflex.
Option 3: This option focuses only on inhibiting the motor neurons that keep the external urethral sphincter closed, but it fails to mention the essential detrusor (bladder) contraction driven by parasympathetic activity, which is a key part of the reflex.
Option 4: This statement incorrectly links afferent bladder stretch to parasympathetic signals that go to the kidney and to glomerular filtration, which is not part of the micturition reflex and misattributes the reflex pathways to renal function rather than bladder contraction.
Overall, the correct understanding is that bladder distension triggers a parasympathetic reflex causing bladder contraction and sphincter relaxation, enabling urination, whereas the other options either omit critical components or misstate the pathways involved.

When the bladder wall is distended as a result of urine accumulation, the stretch receptors are stimulated and send afferent impulses to the spinal cord thatSingle choice

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Question at position 38 What is the primary mechanism by which urine is expelled from the bladder?Contraction of detrusor muscleContraction of the external urethral sphincterRelaxation of the external urethral sphincterContraction of the internal urethral sphincterRelaxation of the detrusor muscle

Question at position 37 What role does the pontine micturition center play in the urine-voiding reflex?Relaxes the detrusor muscleEnhances sympathetic activityContracts the external urethral sphincterStimulates parasympathetic pathwaysInhibits somatic nervous system signaling

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