Consider the likelihood of an i.i.d. sample from a Bernoulli population with parameter 𝑝 𝐿 ( 𝑥 1 , . . . , 𝑥 𝑇 ) = ∏ 𝑡 = 1 𝑇 𝑝 𝑥 𝑡 ( 1 − 𝑝 ) 1 − 𝑥 𝑡 . If you estimate the parameter using a Maximum Likelihood estimator, you obtain the point estimate 𝑝 ̂ = 1 𝑇 ∑ 𝑡 = 1 𝑇 𝑥 𝑡 . The standard error can be computed according to two different approaches as we have seen in class: (1) use the variance-covariance matrix of the score 𝛺 0 ; (2) use the matrix of second derivatives of the standardized log-likelihood 𝐵 0 . What is the formula for the standard error of the estimated parameter, if we follow approach (2)? 单项选择题
A
The standard error of 𝑝 ̂ is 𝕊 𝔼 ( 𝑝 ̂ ) = 1 𝑇 𝑝 ̂ ( 1 − 𝑝 ̂ )
B
The standard error of 𝑝 ̂ is 𝕊 𝔼 ( 𝑝 ̂ ) = 𝑝 ̂ ( 1 − 𝑝 ̂ )
C
The standard error of 𝑝 ̂ is 𝕊 𝔼 ( 𝑝 ̂ ) = 1 𝑇 𝑝 ̂ ( 1 − 𝑝 ̂ )
D
The standard error of 𝑝 ̂ is 𝕊 𝔼 ( 𝑝 ̂ ) = 2 𝑝 ̂ ( 1 − 𝑝 ̂ )
E
There is not enough information to compute the standard error of the estimated parameter.
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Let denote a random sample from a distribution with pdf for , where . Consider a dataset and let the cost function for estimating the model be the negative log-likelihood. Consider the critical point that you found that you found in Question 2 and the formula for the second derivative that you derived in Question 3. What can you conclude? Tick all that apply.
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