Which of the following best describes a characteristic of agglutinative languages?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Agglutinative languages form words by concatenating a linear sequence of morphemes, each carrying a single grammatical meaning.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Morphological typology: classification of languages by how words are formed (isolating/analytic, agglutinative, fusional, polysynthetic).
- Morpheme: the smallest meaningful unit in language (roots, prefixes, suffixes).
- Agglutinative vs fusional: in agglutinative languages morphemes are discrete and transparent (one form = one function); in fusional languages a single affix may encode multiple grammatical features simultaneously.

2. Step-by-step reasoning process
- Identify the defining property: agglutinative languages use sequences of affixes that attach to a root.
- Check the characteristic: each affix (morpheme) corresponds to one grammatical category (e.g., number, case, tense, person).
- Use language examples to verify: Turkish and Swahili are classic agglutinative languages.

3. Example breakdown (intermediate steps)
- Turkish example: ev-ler-den
  Step 1: ev = “house” (root)
  Step 2: -ler = plural (one grammatical feature)
  Step 3: -den = ablative “from” (one grammatical feature)
  Combined meaning: “from the houses”
- Swahili example: ni-tu-ka-soma (ni- I, -ta- future, -ku- you (object), -soma read)
  Each morpheme maps to a single grammatical feature.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- The provided answer states: “Words consist of a sequence of distinct morphemes, each representing a single grammatical feature.” This precisely matches the agglutinative definition: transparent, linear concatenation of morphemes with one-to-one form-function mapping.

5. Why other typical options would be incorrect
- Fusional alternative (incorrect): affixes fuse multiple features into one form (e.g., Latin “amamus” encodes person and number in one ending) — not agglutinative.
- Isolating/analytic alternative (incorrect): words remain mostly uninflected and grammar is expressed by separate words and word order, not affix sequences.
- Polysynthetic alternative (incorrect): morphemes often combine many stems and arguments into single complex words, exceeding the one-to-one morpheme-to-feature mapping typical of agglutination.

6. Conclusion
The correct description is that agglutinative languages form words from sequences of distinct morphemes, each representing a single grammatical feature, which matches the provided answer.

Which of the following best describes a characteristic of agglutinative languages?单项选择题

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