The order of amino acids in a protein produced by your body is

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is encoded directly by the nucleotide sequence of DNA via the genetic code.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Central dogma: DNA -> (transcription) -> mRNA -> (translation) -> protein.
- Genetic code: three-nucleotide codons in mRNA specify particular amino acids.
- tRNAs carry amino acids and use anticodons to pair with mRNA codons.
- Ribosomes catalyze peptide-bond formation but follow the mRNA template.
- Peptide bonds are the chemical links between residues; carboxyl groups are chemical features of amino acids but do not set order.

2) Step-by-step reasoning process
- A gene’s DNA sequence contains a linear order of nucleotides.
- During transcription, an mRNA copy is made that preserves the order of codons (triplets).
- During translation, the ribosome reads successive codons on the mRNA.
- Each codon is recognized by a specific tRNA (charged with its matching amino acid by aminoacyl‑tRNA synthetases).
- The ribosome links incoming amino acids into a chain in the exact order dictated by consecutive codons, producing the polypeptide sequence encoded by the original DNA.

3) Intermediate steps (conceptual rather than numeric)
- DNA base sequence (e.g., ...ATG GAA TTT...) -> mRNA codons (AUG GAA UUU) -> tRNA anticodon pairing and delivery of Met, Glu, Phe -> ribosome forms peptide bonds in that order.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- DNA contains the information (the codon order) that ultimately determines which amino acid is added next; the ribosome is a machine that reads that template and links amino acids accordingly. Thus the order is determined by your DNA.

5) Why the other options are incorrect
- "Determined by carboxyl groups": carboxyl groups are functional groups of amino acids and participate in bonding but don’t determine sequence.
- "Randomly assigned by the ribosome": ribosomes do not assign amino acids randomly; they follow the mRNA codons.
- "Determined by peptide bonds": peptide bonds join amino acids but do not specify which amino acids are chosen or their order.

6) Conclusion
The correct answer is determined by your DNA, which matches the provided answer.

The order of amino acids in a protein produced by your body is单项选择题

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