Ginny was assaulted a few years ago. Now, whenever she smells a certain type of cologne she feels anxious and panicky. Ginny is showing a classic symptom of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) called:

Question

Ginny was assaulted a few years ago.  Now, whenever she smells a certain type of cologne she feels anxious and panicky.  Ginny is showing a classic symptom of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) called:

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Re-experiencing describes the pattern Ginny shows: a sensory cue from the trauma (the cologne odor) automatically triggers intense anxiety and panic because it brings back parts of the traumatic event.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- PTSD symptom clusters (DSM-5): re-experiencing (intrusive memories, flashbacks, distress at cues), avoidance, negative mood/cognition changes, and hyperarousal.  
- Classical conditioning and cue reactivity: neutral stimuli present during a traumatic event (smells, sounds, places) can become conditioned cues that elicit the original fear response when encountered later.  
- Re-experiencing includes physiological reactions to reminders, intrusive recollections, nightmares, and flashbacks.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Ginny was assaulted (traumatic event). During that event there were sensory inputs, including a particular cologne scent.  
- That cologne, originally neutral, was paired with intense fear during the assault; through classical conditioning it became a trauma cue.  
- Now, smelling that cologne reliably provokes anxiety and panic—this is a hallmark of re-experiencing: the trauma is involuntarily brought back in response to reminders.  
- Therefore the symptom is best labeled under the PTSD cluster called “re-experiencing.”

3. Calculations
- None are required for this clinical/diagnostic reasoning problem.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- “Re-experiencing” is the clinical term that covers intrusive memories and physiological distress triggered by trauma reminders. Ginny’s panic when smelling the cologne is a prototypical re-experiencing response.

5. Why other options are incorrect
- Lethargy: refers to low energy or fatigue, not cue-triggered panic.  
- Reoccurring and intrusive memories: this phrase describes part of re-experiencing but is not the standard single-term label the question asks for; the textbook term is “re-experiencing.”  
- Behavioural disinhibition: means loss of impulse control (acting without restraint), unrelated to sensory-triggered anxiety.

Conclusion: The correct label for Ginny’s symptom is Re-experiencing, which matches the provided answer.

Ginny was assaulted a few years ago. Now, whenever she smells a certain type of cologne she feels anxious and panicky. Ginny is showing a classic symptom of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) called:Single choice

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