Which of the following contains villi?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Villi are finger-like mucosal projections that increase the surface area available for absorption; they are characteristic of the small intestine.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Villi: multicellular, macroscopic projections of the intestinal mucosa that contain blood vessels and lacteals to absorb nutrients.
- Microvilli: microscopic projections on the apical surface of enterocytes (form the brush border) further increasing surface area.
- Intestinal specialization: the small intestine is specialized for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption; other GI segments have different epithelial specializations (stomach: gastric pits/glands; large intestine: crypts; esophagus: stratified squamous epithelium).

2. Complete reasoning process step by step
- The primary role that requires villi is efficient nutrient absorption.
- The small intestine is the main site of nutrient absorption in the digestive tract.
- Anatomically and histologically, the small intestine has plicae circulares (circular folds), villi projecting from those folds, and enterocyte microvilli, combined to greatly increase absorptive surface area.
- Therefore, the tissue that contains villi must be the small intestine.

3. Calculations or quantitative steps
- No numerical calculation is required; reasoning is based on structure-function relationships in the GI tract.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- Small intestinal mucosa exhibits villi (each villus contains capillaries and a lacteal) to maximize absorption of amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. This structural adaptation directly matches the function of the small intestine.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- Large intestine: lacks villi; lined by simple columnar epithelium with deep intestinal crypts (lots of goblet cells) and is specialized for water/electrolyte absorption and fecal formation, not extensive nutrient absorption.
- Esophagus: lined by stratified squamous epithelium for protection during swallowing; it has no villi.
- Stomach: contains rugae (folds) and gastric pits/glands for secretion (acid, enzymes, mucus) but does not have villi.

6. Conclusion
Because villi are the hallmark absorptive projections of the small intestine and are absent from the large intestine, esophagus, and stomach, the correct answer is Small intestine — which matches the provided answer.

Which of the following contains villi?单项选择题

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