All of the following are symptoms of type I diabetes, EXCEPT:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Insulin deficiency and resulting hyperglycaemia explain the classic symptom pattern: without insulin, glucose cannot enter many cells, producing cellular starvation and osmotic effects in the bloodstream.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Type I diabetes is caused by absolute insulin deficiency (autoimmune beta‑cell destruction).
- Hyperglycaemia → osmotic diuresis (glucose in urine draws water) → polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration.
- Cellular starvation despite high blood glucose → polyphagia (increased appetite) and weight loss (not gain).
- Lipolysis and ketogenesis (due to lack of insulin) → ketone accumulation → diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) which can progress to coma.
- Hyperglycaemia and osmotic shifts can cause blurred vision and, chronically, diabetic retinopathy → loss of vision.
- Generalized weakness/fatigue (asthenia) is common.

2) Step‑by‑step reasoning
- Hyperglycaemia causes glucose spilling into urine. Osmotic diuresis explains polyuria and consequent polydipsia and dehydration.
- Cells deprived of usable glucose trigger increased hunger (polyphagia) but because the body breaks down fat and muscle for energy, weight loss occurs rather than gain.
- Accumulation of ketones in severe untreated cases causes metabolic acidosis, altered consciousness and can lead to coma.
- High glucose affects lens osmolarity and, over time, microvascular damage to retina causes visual loss; fatigue/asthenia are nonspecific but expected.

3) Calculations: none required.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
Weight gain is not a typical presenting symptom of untreated type I diabetes; the usual course is weight loss. Weight gain may occur later with insulin therapy, or in type II diabetes, but it is the exception in untreated type I.

5) Why other options are incorrect (briefly)
- a (Coma): possible in severe DKA. 
- b (Polyphagia), c (Polyuria), g (Polydipsia), h (Dehydration), i (Fatigue), e (Asthenia): all consistent with hyperglycaemia/cellular starvation and osmotic diuresis.
- f (Loss of vision): can occur acutely (blurred vision from osmotic changes) and chronically (retinopathy).

Conclusion: The symptom that is NOT typical of type I diabetes is d. Weight gain, which matches the provided correct answer.

All of the following are symptoms of type I diabetes, EXCEPT:单项选择题

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