Choose a, b, c or d as the best answer.4. Which statement best summarises the main idea of this paragraph?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The author's central claim is a policy recommendation: carbon taxes should be used to reduce greenhouse gases.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Main idea vs. topic: the topic is the subject (climate change, carbon), the main idea is the author’s primary claim or purpose about that topic.
- Signal words: modal verbs like “should” indicate recommendations or prescriptions; descriptive verbs indicate facts or observations.
- Scope matching: the correct main idea must capture the full thrust of the paragraph, not just one detail.

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Step 1: Determine the author’s purpose. If the paragraph argues for a specific action or policy, the main idea will be prescriptive (a recommendation). If it only reports facts, the main idea will be descriptive.
- Step 2: Look for a thesis or topic sentence that generalizes the paragraph’s content. In a persuasive paragraph advocating a solution, that sentence will present the recommended action.
- Step 3: Compare each answer option’s scope and tone with the presumed thesis.

3) Intermediate analysis of options
- Option b: “Carbon taxes should be used to reduce greenhouse gases.” This is prescriptive and directly states a course of action; it would serve as a clear thesis for a paragraph advocating policy.
- Option a: “Global warming is an enormous and serious global problem.” This is a broad statement about seriousness, not a policy recommendation—too general if the paragraph argues for carbon taxes.
- Option c: “Carbon pollution is the main contributor to climate change.” This is a causal claim about causes, not an advocated solution.
- Option d: “Climate change has impacted on global temperatures.” This is an observational fact and too narrow.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
The phrasing in (b) matches a persuasive main idea: it states the action the author wants taken (use carbon taxes) and the goal (reduce greenhouse gases). That captures both the purpose and scope of a paragraph arguing for this policy.

5) Why other options are incorrect
- a is general and does not state what should be done.
- c identifies a cause rather than recommending action.
- d is a narrow factual observation, not the paragraph’s overarching claim.

Conclusion: The best summary is answer b. This confirms the provided correct answer: b.

Choose a, b, c or d as the best answer.4. Which statement best summarises the main idea of this paragraph?单项选择题

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