Which of the following examples is the correct use of an unknown author?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

In APA-style parenthetical citations when no author is given, the title takes the author’s place; for short works (articles, web pages, chapters, poems) the title is placed in quotation marks, followed by the year in parentheses. This core rule explains the correct form.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Identify the citation style: the parenthetical form with a year indicates APA in-text citation practice. In APA, an unknown author means the title moves to the author position.
2. Determine whether the work is a short or long title: short works (article, chapter, webpage) use quotation marks in-text; long works (books, reports) use italics. The example uses quotation marks, so it represents a short work.
3. Construct the parenthetical citation: place the title in quotation marks, then a comma, then the year inside the same parentheses: ("Feelings and Emotions," 2009). This matches APA’s format: (Short Title, Year).
4. Reference-list implication: the full reference list entry would begin with the title in the author position (Feelings and Emotions. (2009). …), but in-text the shortened title in quotes with year is correct.

Why the chosen answer is correct:
- It follows APA guidance exactly for an unknown author of a short work: title in quotation marks, comma, year inside parentheses.
- The punctuation and capitalization are correct for an in-text parenthetical citation.

Why other common alternatives are incorrect:
- Using Anonymous (e.g., (Anonymous, 2009)) is discouraged unless the work itself lists “Anonymous” as the author.
- Omitting quotation marks or using italics would be wrong for a short work (italics apply to books/long works).
- Placing the year before the title or leaving out the year would not match APA parenthetical citation rules.

Therefore the correct usage of an unknown author in this context is ("Feelings and Emotions," 2009), which matches the provided answer.

Which of the following examples is the correct use of an unknown author?Single choice

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