The archaeological discovery from Egypt that mentions Israel being in the land in 1210 BC.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The Merneptah Stele (often called the “Israel Stele”) explicitly names Israel and is the Egyptian source dated to around 1210 BC.

Relevant knowledge points:
- The Merneptah Stele is an Egyptian victory inscription erected by Pharaoh Merneptah. It contains the earliest known extra-biblical mention of “Israel.”
- Dating is based on Merneptah’s reign (commonly given as ca. 1213–1203 BC) and the stele’s internal date (Year 5 of his reign).
- Other listed inscriptions (Tel Dan, Moabite/Mesha, Cyrus Cylinder) are from different places and later dates or have different content.

Step-by-step reasoning and dating calculation:
1. Establish Merneptah’s accession: approximately 1213 BC (scholarly consensus range).
2. The stele records events in Year 5 of Merneptah’s reign. To convert to a calendar year: accession year 1213 BC minus 4 full years = 1209 BC (1213 − 4 = 1209). Scholarly rounding and varying chronologies produce the commonly cited ca. 1210 BC date for the inscription — hence the association with “1210 BC.”
3. The text of the stele includes a line often translated as “Israel is laid waste, its seed is no more,” clearly identifying a group called Israel in Canaan at that time.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- The Merneptah Stele is the only Egyptian monument from this period that mentions Israel and is dated to about 1210 BC, matching the question’s specifics.

Why the other options are incorrect:
- Tel Dan Stele: 9th-century BCE Aramaean inscription mentioning the “House of David,” not an Egyptian source from 1210 BC.
- Moabite Stone (Mesha Stele): 9th-century BCE Moabite inscription (c. 840 BCE), not 1210 BC.
- Cyrus Cylinder: 6th-century BCE (539 BCE) Babylonian record about Cyrus the Great, unrelated chronologically and geographically.

Conclusion: The correct answer is Merneptah Stele, matching the provided answer.

The archaeological discovery from Egypt that mentions Israel being in the land in 1210 BC.单项选择题

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