Delivering adrenaline via an 'Epi Pen' during anaphylactic shock has which of the following benefits?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Examining the pharmacologic actions of epinephrine in anaphylaxis helps distinguish which effects are produced via specific receptor subtypes.
Option 1: 'Increased TPR through alpha-1 receptor activation' is correct. Epinephrine stimulates alpha-1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle, causing vasoconstriction that raises total peripheral resistance (TPR) and helps increase mean arterial pressure during shock.
Option 2: 'Increased cardiac output through beta-2 receptor activation' is incorrect. While epinephrine can increase cardiac output, the mechanism involves beta-1 receptor activation (increasing heart rate and contractility), not beta-2. Beta-2 activation mainly mediates vasodilation in some vascular beds and bronchodilation, but it does not primarily drive the rise in cardiac output.
Option 3: 'Dilation of airways through beta-1 receptor activation' is incorrect. Bronchodilation in anaphylaxis is mediated primarily by beta-2 receptor activation on airway smooth muscle. Beta-1 receptors affect the heart (chronotropy and inotropy) rather than airway caliber.
Putting it together: the key therapeutic benefit during anaphylaxis from an epinephrine injection is alpha-1–mediated vasoconstriction to elevate blood pressure, plus beta-1–mediated cardiac effects and beta-2–mediated bronchodilation, but the specific option about airway dilation via beta-1 is inaccurate, and the option about cardiac output via beta-2 is also inaccurate.

Delivering adrenaline via an 'Epi Pen' during anaphylactic shock has which of the following benefits? 多项选择题

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