PATIENT 2: pH-D.   Continuing with the same patient, what compensation(s) would occur if this condition persists? Mark all 3 correct answers. 多项选择题

A

This is a respiratory problem and the respiratory system cannot compensate.

B

Carbonic anhydrase would be inhibited in the alpha-intercalated cells of the LDCT, which will stop the production and reabsorption of new bicarbonate and will decrease secretion of H+.

C

Carbonic anhydrase would be inhibited in the PCT which will stop bicarbonate reabsorption, resulting in excess bicarbonate in the urine.

D

Carbonic anhydrase would be activated in the alpha-intercalated cells of the LDCT, resulting in the production and reabsorption of new bicarbonate and increased secretion of H+ which will bind to tubular buffers and be excreted in the urine.

E

The respiratory center of the medulla oblongata will detect the basic pH of the CSF, which will trigger decreased rate and depth of ventilation to trap CO2.

F

Carbonic anhydrase would be activated in the PCT resulting in reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate.

G

The respiratory center of the medulla oblongata will detect the acidic pH of the CSF, which will trigger increased rate and depth of ventilation to remove CO2.

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类似问题

According to the chemical dynamics of the blood buffering system (Le Chatelier’s Principle), when the pCO2 of the blood increases, the production of bicarbonate [ Select ] decreases increases , and the production of hydrogen ions [ Select ] increases decreases .

Question textFor each statement, select the best answer that completes the concept relating to acid-base homeostasis. Normal arterial plasma pH is maintained within a narrow range of approximately Answer 1 Question 17[select: , 7.60 to 7.80, 6.50 to 6.90, 6.80 to 7.00, 7.00 to 7.20, 7.35 to 7.45]. The most important extracellular fluid chemical buffer system is the Answer 2 Question 17[select: , protein digestion buffer system, phosphate buffer system only, carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, renal sodium buffer system, oxygen-haemoglobin system only]. If ventilation increases substantially, body pH tends to rise because Answer 3 Question 17[select: , all acids stop being produced, pCO2 falls and H+ formation decreases, pCO2 rises and H+ formation increases, kidneys excrete all hydrogen ions instantly, HCO3- is immediately lost in urine]. The kidneys can raise body pH by Answer 4 Question 17[select: , retaining H+ and excreting HCO3-, increasing glucose excretion, increasing H+ excretion and increasing HCO3- reabsorption, decreasing all tubular transport, stopping urine formation]. A runner develops acidosis after extreme exercise. The most immediate compensatory response would be Answer 5 Question 17[select: , hyperventilation to lower pCO2, reduced ventilation to lower pH further, cessation of buffering, hypoventilation to retain CO2, renal bicarbonate loss within minutes]. A patient hypoventilates after sedative drug use and develops respiratory acidosis. Compensation would primarily involve Answer 6 Question 17[select: , the liver producing ketones, the kidneys increasing H+ excretion and HCO3- reabsorption, loss of all urinary buffers, the pancreas secreting bicarbonate into blood, the lungs reducing ventilation further]. Please answer all parts of the question.

Question textFor each statement, select the best answer that completes the concept relating to acid-base homeostasis. Normal arterial plasma pH is maintained within a narrow range of approximately Answer 1 Question 17[select: , 7.60 to 7.80, 6.50 to 6.90, 6.80 to 7.00, 7.00 to 7.20, 7.35 to 7.45]. The most important extracellular fluid chemical buffer system is the Answer 2 Question 17[select: , protein digestion buffer system, phosphate buffer system only, carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, renal sodium buffer system, oxygen-haemoglobin system only]. If ventilation increases substantially, body pH tends to rise because Answer 3 Question 17[select: , all acids stop being produced, pCO2 falls and H+ formation decreases, pCO2 rises and H+ formation increases, kidneys excrete all hydrogen ions instantly, HCO3- is immediately lost in urine]. The kidneys can raise body pH by Answer 4 Question 17[select: , retaining H+ and excreting HCO3-, increasing glucose excretion, increasing H+ excretion and increasing HCO3- reabsorption, decreasing all tubular transport, stopping urine formation]. A runner develops acidosis after extreme exercise. The most immediate compensatory response would be Answer 5 Question 17[select: , hyperventilation to lower pCO2, reduced ventilation to lower pH further, cessation of buffering, hypoventilation to retain CO2, renal bicarbonate loss within minutes]. A patient hypoventilates after sedative drug use and develops respiratory acidosis. Compensation would primarily involve Answer 6 Question 17[select: , the liver producing ketones, the kidneys increasing H+ excretion and HCO3- reabsorption, loss of all urinary buffers, the pancreas secreting bicarbonate into blood, the lungs reducing ventilation further].

PATIENT 2: pH-C.   Continuing with same patient -- One possible cause of this patient's condition is [ Select ] diarrhea obstructive lung disease vomiting hyperventilation from fear/pain . This patient would be [ Select ] helped hindered if given an intravenous bicarbonate solution because [ Select ] bicarbonate would lower the patient's pH bicarbonate would raise the patient's pH . With compensation, this patient will make [ Select ] basic normal acidic urine.  

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