Question at position 8 Urine flow from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder is produced by _____.cilia in the uretersperistalsis of the muscles of the ureterssuction from the urinary bladderSingle choice
A
cilia in the ureters
B
peristalsis of the muscles of the ureters
C
suction from the urinary bladder

Question

Question at position 8 Urine flow from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder is produced by _____.cilia in the uretersperistalsis of the muscles of the ureterssuction from the urinary bladder

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Peristalsis of the muscles of the ureters is the mechanism that propels urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- The ureter is a muscular tube connecting the renal pelvis to the bladder; its wall contains smooth muscle arranged in layers that generate rhythmic contractions.
- Pacemaker activity in the renal pelvis and autonomic input produce peristaltic waves (usually a few per minute) that move urine distally.
- The ureter lumen is lined by transitional epithelium, not motile cilia; valves at the ureterovesical junction prevent backflow.

2. Step-by-step reasoning process
- Urine formed in nephrons drains into collecting ducts and then into the renal pelvis, producing local stretch of the pelvic wall.
- Stretch triggers pacemaker cells near the pelvis to initiate a wave of smooth muscle contraction.
- This peristaltic wave moves along the ureter, sequentially contracting and propelling the urine bolus toward the bladder.
- At the bladder, the ureterovesical junction’s oblique entry and valve-like action prevent reflux, allowing one-way transport.

3. Intermediate steps (physiological detail)
- Stretch → pacemaker depolarization → coordinated circular/longitudinal smooth muscle contraction → intraluminal pressure wave → urine movement into bladder.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- Peristalsis is an active, intrinsic transport mechanism of ureteric smooth muscle that reliably moves urine regardless of body position. It is the established physiological mechanism taught in anatomy and physiology.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- “Cilia in the ureters”: the ureteric epithelium does not have motile cilia to transport urine; cilia are not involved in bulk fluid propulsion here.
- “Suction from the urinary bladder”: the bladder does not generate suction to draw urine from the kidney. Bladder filling increases pressure and it stores urine; voiding expels urine by bladder contraction, but it does not pull urine down the ureters.

Conclusion: Peristalsis of the muscles of the ureters is the correct mechanism; this matches the provided answer.

Question at position 8 Urine flow from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder is produced by _____.cilia in the uretersperistalsis of the muscles of the ureterssuction from the urinary bladderSingle choice

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