Which of the following are types of authentic cadences?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Authentic cadences move from the dominant harmony (V or V7) to the tonic (I) and are divided into two main types: perfect and imperfect.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Cadence: a harmonic formula that creates a sense of closure at the end of a phrase.  
- Authentic cadence: specifically a V (or V7) → I progression.  
- Perfect Authentic Cadence (PAC): V (or V7) to I with both chords in root position and the highest voice (soprano) resolving to the tonic pitch.  
- Imperfect Authentic Cadence (IAC): any V → I progression that fails one or more PAC conditions (e.g., soprano ends on 3rd or 5th rather than tonic, either chord in inversion, or use of a substituted dominant such as vii°).

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Identify the defining characteristic of authentic cadences: V → I movement.  
- Determine the recognized subtypes of authentic cadences: the theory distinguishes PAC and IAC. PAC is the strict, fully conclusive form; IAC covers the less conclusive variants that are still dominant-to-tonic.  
- Compare answer choices to this definition: only the pair “perfect and imperfect” names subdivisions of authentic cadences.

3. Intermediate logical steps (no numeric calculation)
- PAC conditions: root-position V → root-position I; soprano ends on scale degree 1.  
- If any PAC condition is not met (e.g., V6 → I, or soprano ends on scale degree 3), label it IAC.  
- Other cadence names in the options (half, deceptive, incomplete) do not describe authentic cadences because they don’t end with V→I in the required way.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- “Perfect and imperfect” directly correspond to the two established types of authentic cadences: the perfect authentic cadence (PAC) and the imperfect authentic cadence (IAC). Both are authentic because they are founded on the dominant-to-tonic progression; the distinction depends on voice-leading and chord positions.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- “Deceptive”: V→vi (or V→other unexpected chord) — not an authentic cadence.  
- “Half”: a half cadence ends on V, not on I, so it is not an authentic cadence.  
- “Incomplete”: not a standard term for a type of authentic cadence in common-practice theory; combined options like “incomplete and half” or “half and deceptive” pair non-authentic cadences.

6. Conclusion
Therefore, the types of authentic cadences are perfect and imperfect, which matches the provided answer: perfect and imperfect.

Which of the following are types of authentic cadences? Single choice

Similar Questions

Expansionary fiscal policy in an open economy with a floating exchange rate will likely:

Contractionary monetary policy in an open economy with a floating exchange rate will likely:

Contractionary monetary policy in an open economy with a fixed exchange rate will likely ____ a trade surplus.

Which is expansionary monetary policy?

Which is contractionary fiscal policy?

Which is expansionary fiscal policy?

What would raise aggregate supply (AS)?

What would shift aggregate supply (AS) to the right?

More Practical Tools for Students Powered by AI Study Helper

Homework AI Solver

Stylized AI Paper Writer

Plagiarism Checker Assistant

Citation AI Academic Writing Tool

In-Class Translation Assistant

AI Note Generator

AI Quiz Answers

Past Exam Questions from University Test Bank

Smart Practice Assistant

Adaptive Practice

Making Your Study Simpler