Question at position 6 Scientists discovered a new gene and decided to name it FARB. When they studied the function of the protein encoded by the FARB gene, they found that the protein was involved in blocking the start of mitosis when any kind of DNA damage is detected. Based on the function of the protein, FARB would be considered a(n) oncogene.nonhereditary gene.tumor-suppressor gene.proto-oncogene.somatic gene.Clear my selectionSingle choice
A
oncogene.
B
nonhereditary gene.
C
tumor-suppressor gene.
D
proto-oncogene.
E
somatic gene.

Question

Question at position 6 Scientists discovered a new gene and decided to name it FARB. When they studied the function of the protein encoded by the FARB gene, they found that the protein was involved in blocking the start of mitosis when any kind of DNA damage is detected. Based on the function of the protein, FARB would be considered a(n) oncogene.nonhereditary gene.tumor-suppressor gene.proto-oncogene.somatic gene.Clear my selectionSingle choice

A

oncogene.

B

nonhereditary gene.

C

tumor-suppressor gene.

D

proto-oncogene.

E

somatic gene.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Proteins that halt cell-cycle progression in response to DNA damage act as tumor suppressors because they prevent propagation of mutations that could lead to cancer.

Relevant knowledge points:
- Cell-cycle checkpoints (G1/S, intra-S, G2/M) monitor DNA integrity and stop progression when damage is detected.
- Tumor-suppressor genes encode proteins that negatively regulate cell division or promote DNA repair/apoptosis; loss-of-function mutations in these genes can lead to cancer.
- Oncogenes and proto-oncogenes promote cell growth; proto-oncogenes are normal genes that can become oncogenes via activating mutations.
- “Somatic” vs “hereditary” describe where mutations occur/inheritance, not the gene’s regulatory role.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. The FARB protein “blocks the start of mitosis when any kind of DNA damage is detected.” That describes activity at the G2/M checkpoint (preventing entry into mitosis) and is part of the DNA damage response.
2. Proteins that enforce checkpoints, pause the cycle for repair, or trigger apoptosis are classic tumor suppressors (examples: p53 promotes arrest and repair/apoptosis; Chk1/Chk2 and Wee1 regulate G2/M transitions).
3. Therefore FARB’s function is to protect genomic integrity by preventing cells with damaged DNA from dividing—this fits the tumor-suppressor role.

Why other options are incorrect:
- Oncogene: these actively drive proliferation; FARB inhibits division, so it is not an oncogene.
- Proto-oncogene: a normal gene that can be mutated into an oncogene; FARB’s normal role is inhibitory, not a growth promoter.
- Nonhereditary gene / Somatic gene: these terms concern mutation origin or inheritance, not the protein’s cellular function; they don’t describe a gene whose product blocks mitosis.

Conclusion: The correct classification for FARB is tumor-suppressor gene, which matches the provided answer.

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