A cell responsible for detoxification and synthesis of lipids will have large quantity of _________.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is the organelle specialized for lipid synthesis and detoxification, so a cell carrying out those tasks will contain large amounts of SER.

Relevant knowledge points:
- Endoplasmic reticulum exists in two forms: rough ER (RER) studded with ribosomes and specialized for protein synthesis and processing; smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is specialized for lipid and steroid synthesis, drug and toxin detoxification, and calcium storage in certain cells (sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle).
- Hepatocytes (liver cells) and steroid-producing cells (adrenal cortex, gonads) are classic examples with abundant SER because of their metabolic roles.
- Detoxification in SER involves enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases that chemically modify xenobiotics to increase solubility.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Identify required cellular activities: detoxification and lipid synthesis.
2. Match activities to organelle functions: lipid synthesis and detoxification are canonical functions of the smooth ER, not of ribosomes, lysosomes, or rough ER.
3. Note structural adaptation: SER’s membranous tubular network provides surface area for lipid-synthesizing enzymes and detoxifying enzymes (e.g., cytochrome P450 systems).
4. Use physiological examples: liver cells expand SER in response to chronic drug exposure to increase detox capacity; steroid-secreting cells have abundant SER to produce cholesterol-derived hormones.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- SER contains the enzymatic machinery for phospholipid, cholesterol and steroid synthesis and for modifying/detoxifying hydrophobic compounds, matching the two stated functions.

Why other options are incorrect:
- Ribosomes are sites of protein translation, not lipid synthesis or detoxification.
- Lysosomes are membrane-bound vesicles full of hydrolytic enzymes used for intracellular digestion and recycling, not lipid synthesis/detoxification.
- Rough ER (RER) is primarily for synthesis and folding of secretory and membrane proteins due to attached ribosomes, not for lipid synthesis or detoxification.

Conclusion: The correct organelle is Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, which matches the provided answer.

A cell responsible for detoxification and synthesis of lipids will have large quantity of _________.Single choice

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