A pharmaceutical company has designed an experiment to test a new arthritis drug. There were 100 subjects in the initial study. Sixty will receive the drug, 40 will receive the control. What is the sample?

Question

A pharmaceutical company has designed an experiment to test a new arthritis drug.  There were 100 subjects in the initial study. Sixty will receive the drug, 40 will receive the control.  What is the sample?

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The 100 people in the initial study.

1) Relevant concepts:
- Population: the entire set of individuals about which we want to draw conclusions (e.g., all people with arthritis or all potential patients).
- Sample: the actual subset of the population from which data are collected (the observed subjects).
- Sample size (n): the number of subjects in the sample.
- Treatment groups vs. sample: within a sample, subjects can be divided into groups (treatment and control), but those groups are parts of the overall sample rather than the sample itself.

2) Step-by-step reasoning:
- The experiment enrolled 100 subjects total. This collection of enrolled individuals is what the researchers observe and measure.
- The 100 subjects are split into two groups: 60 receive the drug (treatment group) and 40 receive the control (control group). These are subgroups within the sample.
- The term "sample" refers to the entire set of subjects actually included in the study, not to one subgroup or to the treatment itself.

3) Calculations / intermediate steps:
- Total enrolled = 60 (drug) + 40 (control) = 100.
- Therefore sample size n = 100, and the sample consists of those 100 people.

4) Why the correct answer is correct:
- Because the sample is defined as the individuals from whom data are collected. All 100 participants are the observed units; the sample includes both the treatment and control participants together.

5) Why other plausible choices would be incorrect:
- “The 60 receiving the drug” is only the treatment subgroup, not the entire sample.
- “The 40 receiving the control” is only the control subgroup.
- “The population of all arthritis patients” would be the population, not the sample collected in this study.
- “The drug” is the intervention, not a sample of subjects.

6) Conclusion:
The sample is the 100 people in the initial study, which matches the provided answer.

A pharmaceutical company has designed an experiment to test a new arthritis drug. There were 100 subjects in the initial study. Sixty will receive the drug, 40 will receive the control. What is the sample? Single choice

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