Which procedure helps to ensure that the participants in a survey are representative of a larger population?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: Which procedure helps to ensure that the participants in a survey are representative of a larger population?

Option a: random assignment. This is a technique used in experiments to place participants into different groups (e.g., treatment vs. control) to control for confounding variables. It does not by itself ensure that the sample represents the population; it ensures comparability between groups within a study.

Option b: replication. Replication means repeating a study to see if findings hold across samples or conditions. While replication strengthens reliability and validity, it does not directly guarantee that the participants in a given survey are representative of the population.

Option c: naturalistic observation. This method involves observing behavior in real-world settings without manipulation. While it can yield ecologically valid insights, it does not inherently guarantee representativeness of the sample drawn from the population.

Option d: random sampling. Random sampling is the process of selecting participants so that each member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen. This directly enhances the likelihood that the sample reflects the population's characteristics, reducing sampling bias and supporting generalizability of survey results.

Additional notes: Other sampling methods (e.g., stratified sampling, systematic sampling) can also improve representativeness, but random sampling is the fundamental procedure that maximizes the probability of representativeness across a population.

In summary, evaluating the options shows that random sampling (option d) is the method aimed at achieving a representative survey sample, whereas the others serve different methodological purposes such as experimental control, replication for reliability, or naturalistic data collection without addressing representativeness.

Which procedure helps to ensure that the participants in a survey are representative of a larger population?单项选择题

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