A major distinction between pure public goods and pure private goods is that:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Pure public goods are defined by two key properties: nonrivalry and nonexcludability. Nonrivalry means one person's consumption does not reduce the amount available for others; nonexcludability means it is difficult or impossible to prevent anyone from consuming the good once it is provided. Together these properties imply collective consumption — the good is enjoyed jointly by all members of a group rather than being consumed in separate, individually priced units.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Define pure public good: a good for which additional consumers do not reduce the benefit to existing consumers (nonrival) and from which people cannot be feasibly excluded (nonexcludable). Examples: national defense, public lighthouse signals.
2. Define pure private good: a good that is rival (one person’s consumption reduces availability for others) and excludable (seller can prevent nonpayers from consuming). Examples: a sandwich, a pair of shoes.
3. Link definitions to the options: because public goods are nonrival and nonexcludable, they must be consumed collectively — one person’s use does not exclude others and they are not divisible into exclusive units for individual sale. This directly supports the statement “pure public goods can only be collectively consumed.”

Why the correct answer is correct:
- Collective consumption is the essence of public-goods behavior. Since they are nonrival and nonexcludable, the consumption is joint and cannot be parceled out to individual consumers in the way private goods can.

Why other options are incorrect:
- Option A (“pure public goods can easily be divided into units”): false — pure public goods are not easily divided into separate units for individual consumption because their consumption is joint.
- Option C (“pure private goods can easily be priced and sole [sold] in markets and can only be collectively consumed”): self-contradictory and incorrect — private goods are individually consumed, not collectively.
- Option D (“pure private goods can easily be priced and sold in markets”): true about private goods but it states a property of private goods rather than highlighting the major distinguishing feature (collective consumption) between public and private goods.

Conclusion: The correct answer is “pure public goods can only be collectively consumed,” which matches the provided answer.

A major distinction between pure public goods and pure private goods is that:单项选择题

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