Oishi et al. (2011) found that Americans _______________ were happier in years with less national income inequality than in years with more national income inequality and that _____________ explained this effect.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When approaching the question about Oishi et al. (2011), I first map what the study examined and what it found about happiness, inequality, and underlying explanations.
Option A suggests the happiness difference is tied to 'with low self-esteem' and that it is explained by 'social comparison.' While social comparison can influence happiness in some contexts, this option misstates both who is affected (not specifically tied to low self-esteem) and the proposed mechanism identified by the study, making this option unlikely.
Option B states that Americans 'with low income' were happier in years with less inequality, and that this effect was explained by 'perceived fairness and general trust.' This aligns with common interpretations of Oishi et al.'s findings, where lower-income individuals benefited from more fair perceptions and greater trust in society during more egalitarian periods, which helped explain increased well-being.
Option C claims happiness differences occurred 'in wage disputes' and were explained by 'perceived procedural justice.' Although procedural justice can influence satisfaction in organizational or dispute contexts, it does not capture the broader national-income-inequality focus of the study, making this option less accurate.
Option D posits that 'lower SES groups' experienced the effect and that it was due to 'group-membership.' While SES and social identity can matter for happiness under inequality, the specific mechanism emphasized in the study is perceived fairness and general trust, not group-membership, rendering this option incorrect.
In summarizing, we weigh each option against the study’s emphasis on low-income individuals, the relationship between inequality and happiness, and the explanatory role of perceived fairness and general trust. The incorrect choices either misidentify the affected group, the context, or the mechanism, while the correct option accurately reflects the described pattern and mediator in the research.

Oishi et al. (2011) found that Americans ___ were happier in years with less national income inequality than in years with more national income inequality and that _ explained this effect.Single choice

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Oishi et al. (2011) found that Americans _______________ were happier in years with less national income inequality than in years with more national income inequality and that _____________ explained this effect.Single choice