Question at position 9 Within Te Ara Tika Guidelines for Māori Research Ethics, the Māori Ethical Famework contains a quadrant termed Whakapapa (relationships). Under this quadrant, which of the following is considered is Best Practice?Consultation.Kaitiaki.Manaaki.Engagement.Single choice
A
Consultation.
B
Kaitiaki.
C
Manaaki.
D
Engagement.

Question

Question at position 9 Within Te Ara Tika Guidelines for Māori Research Ethics, the Māori Ethical Famework contains a quadrant termed Whakapapa (relationships). Under this quadrant, which of the following is considered is Best Practice?Consultation.Kaitiaki.Manaaki.Engagement.Single choice

A

Consultation.

B

Kaitiaki.

C

Manaaki.

D

Engagement.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Whakapapa denotes relationships and genealogical connections, so the ethical emphasis is on building and sustaining genuine relationships with Māori participants and communities—this maps directly to Engagement.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Te Ara Tika provides guidelines for Māori research ethics, framing culturally grounded best practice.
- The Māori Ethical Framework includes quadrants; Whakapapa focuses on relationships, kinship and connections.
- “Engagement” in research ethics means meaningful, ongoing involvement, partnership, two‑way communication, and co‑design with communities.

2. Step‑by‑step reasoning
- Whakapapa is about relationships and the obligations that arise from connections.
- Best practice under a relationships quadrant must therefore prioritize processes that establish, maintain and respect those relationships.
- “Engagement” is the process that creates and sustains relationship: consultation alone is one step, while engagement implies reciprocity, ongoing dialogue and shared decision‑making.
- Therefore the option that best fits a relationships‑focused quadrant is Engagement.

3. Calculations or procedural steps
- No numerical calculations are required. The procedural logic is comparative: match the meaning of each option to the Whakapapa concept and select the one that best embodies sustained relational practice.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- Engagement directly operationalizes Whakapapa by requiring researchers to actively involve Māori communities, seek consent and partnership, and maintain relationships throughout the research lifecycle. It aligns with ethical goals of trust, reciprocity and co‑responsibility.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- Consultation: useful but narrower; it can be a one‑off or token process rather than full relationship building.
- Kaitiaki: refers to guardianship or stewardship (often of resources or data); important but not the primary relational practice captured by Whakapapa.
- Manaaki: means care, hospitality and support; culturally important but more about caring behaviors than the procedural practice of building sustained research relationships.

6. Conclusion
Accordingly, the best practice under the Whakapapa (relationships) quadrant is Engagement. This confirms the provided answer: Engagement.

Question at position 9 Within Te Ara Tika Guidelines for Māori Research Ethics, the Māori Ethical Famework contains a quadrant termed Whakapapa (relationships). Under this quadrant, which of the following is considered is Best Practice?Consultation.Kaitiaki.Manaaki.Engagement.Single choice

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