Features/markings which are always found on the sternum are:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The sternum always bears a jugular (suprasternal) notch on the superior border of the manubrium and costal facets (also called costal notches) along its lateral margins where the costal cartilages of the ribs articulate.

Relevant knowledge points:
- The sternum is composed of the manubrium, body (gladiolus), and xiphoid process. Key surface markings include the jugular notch and clavicular notches on the manubrium, and costal notches/facets along the lateral borders of the manubrium and body for attachment of the costal cartilages (ribs).
- Transverse processes are projections of vertebrae, not of the sternum.
- The costal tubercle is a feature on a rib (at the junction of the neck and body of a rib) that articulates with a vertebral transverse process, not a marking on the sternum.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Identify which features are typically present on the sternum: manubrium has the jugular notch and clavicular notches; manubrium and body present costal notches/facets for ribs’ costal cartilages (typically ribs 1–7 via their cartilages).
2. Evaluate each answer option:
   - "Costal facets, transverse processes": costal facets are correct, but transverse processes are vertebral structures and not on the sternum — incorrect.
   - "Jugular notch, costal facets, transverse processes": includes the correct pair but wrongly adds transverse processes — incorrect.
   - "Jugular notch, costal facets": both are genuine, consistent sternum markings — correct.
   - "Costal facets, costal tubercle": costal tubercle is a rib feature, not sternum — incorrect.
3. Therefore, only the combination “jugular notch, costal facets” correctly lists features always found on the sternum.

Why the correct answer is correct:
The jugular notch is an invariable landmark of the superior manubrium; costal facets/notches occur along the lateral borders of the manubrium and body and serve for rib cartilage articulation. Other listed features (transverse processes, costal tubercle) belong to vertebrae or ribs, not the sternum.

Final confirmation: The correct answer is "Jugular notch, costal facets," which matches the provided answer.

Features/markings which are always found on the sternum are:Single choice

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