What is a collision in the context of hash tables?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

In hash table terminology, a collision happens when two distinct keys end up being assigned to the same index in the underlying array after applying the hash function.
Option a: 'When two elements have the same hash value but different keys.' This correctly describes a collision, since different keys produce the same hash index and must be reconciled by the chosen collision-resolution strategy (e.g., chaining or open addressing).
Option b: 'When a hash function fails to map a key to a valid index in the table.' This is not a collision; it describes a failure or error in the hashing process or table bounds, not the overlap of indices for distinct keys.
Option c: 'When a hash table exceeds its maximum capacity.' This situation is about memory or capacity limits, not about two keys sharing the same index. It’s a scalability issue, not a collision.
Option d: 'When two elements have the same key but different hash values.' For the same key, a consistent hash function should produce the same hash value; differing hash values would indicate an inconsistency or error in hashing, not a standard collision between two keys.
Overall, option a accurately captures the essence of a collision in hash tables, while the other options describe separate concepts or misunderstandings of how hashing and collisions work.

What is a collision in the context of hash tables?单项选择题

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